Importance of abdominal X-ray to confirm the position of levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system: A case report

Table 1 6 reports on perforation or migration of Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system

Author	Year reported	Age (yr)	Para	Indication	Symptom of perforation	Ultrasound finding for LNG-IUS position	Actual position of LNG-IUS	Risk factor
Our case	2021	46	2	Hypermenorrhea	None	Location cannot be diagnosed due to myomas	In the uterus (partial perforation)	Submucosal myomas
Pappas et al[8]	2009	33	2	Hypermenorrhea	Abdominal pain	Unknown	In the anterior abdominal wall with omentum	After endometrial ablation
Ferson et al[9]	2016	46	1	Contraception	None	In the upper endometrial cavity	The straight arm in the uterus, T sharped arms in the abdominal cavity	Prolonged steroid use
Howard et al[10]	2017	31	2	Contraception	None	In the uterus	In the cul-de-sac	Insertion at 6 wk after vaginal delivery
Saeki et al[11]	2019	29	1	Dysmenorrhea	Abdominal pain	Unknown	In the retroperitoneum	After conization
Makena et al[12]	2021	34	1	Contraception	Abdominal pain	No devices in the uterus	In the left tube	Insertion at 8 wk after vaginal delivery

LNG-IUS: Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system.