Combined sevoflurane-dexmedetomidine and nerve blockade on post-surgical serum oxidative stress biomarker levels in thyroid cancer patients

Table 1 Serum monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and glutathione peroxidase of patients in the two groups before and after surgery (mean ± SD)

Group	MCP-1 (pg/mL)		t	P value	GSH-Px (pg/mL)		t	P value
	Pre-operation	Post-operation			Pre-operation	Post-operation
Experimental group (n = 49)	146.23 ± 10.05	215.25 ± 10.11	34.229	< 0.001	1939.65 ± 10.14	1823.21 ± 10.15	55.053	< 0.001
Control group (n = 47)	145.61 ± 10.21	554.41 ± 10.23	205.944	< 0.001	1941.54 ± 10.09	1642.17 ± 10.57	144.328	< 0.001
t	0.129	163.359	-	-	0.915	85.602	-	-
P value	0.898	< 0.001	-	-	0.362	< 0.001	-	-

MCP-1: Monocyte chemotactic protein-1; GSH-Px: Glutathione peroxidase.

Table 2 Serum adrenocorticotropic hormone and norepinephrine levels in the two groups at 1 and 12 h after surgery (mean ± SD)

Group	ACTH (pg/mL)		t	P value	NE (pg/mL)		t	P value
	1 h after operation	12 h after operation			1 h after operation	12 h after operation
Experimental group (n = 49)	26.22 ± 1.21	28.25 ± 1.65	6.442	< 0.001	600.11 ± 5.23	622.19 ± 5.43	21.276	< 0.001
Control group (n = 47)	27.98 ± 1.05	29.99 ± 1.14	8.114	< 0.001	623.32 ± 5.14	642.17 ± 5.01	17.590	< 0.001
t	7.598	5.987	-	-	21.928	18.716	-	-
P value	< 0.001	< 0.001	-	-	< 0.001	< 0.001	-	-

ACTH: Adrenocorticotropic hormone; NE: Norepinephrine.

Table 3 Bispectral index in the two groups at different time points (mean ± SD)

Group	Pre-operation	20 min after the surgery started	Open eyes
Experimental group (n = 49)	95.31 ± 4.15	46.76 ± 3.55	75.31 ± 3.05
Control group (n = 47)	95.08 ± 3.89	53.04 ± 3.61	68.85 ± 3.41
t	0.269	8.601	9.790
P value	0.789	< 0.001	< 0.001

Table 4 Toxicity and side effect rate in the two groups, n (%)

Group	Headache	Ataxia	Drowsiness	Toxicity and side effect rate
Experimental group (n = 49)	2 (4.08)	2 (4.08)	1 (2.04)	5 (10.20)
Control group (n = 47)	1 (2.13)	3 (6.38)	2 (4.26)	6 (12.76)
χ2	-	-	-	0.155
P value	-	-	-	0.694