Zinc carnosine-based modified bismuth quadruple therapy vs standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized controlled study

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the study population

Variable	MBQT (n = 46)	TT (n = 46)
	(mean ± SD)
Age	35.83 ± 7.41 yr	27.93 ± 6.78 yr
Mean body mass index	26.08 ± 4.57 kg/m2	26.67 ± 3.65 kg/m2
	% (n)
Sex
Female	32.6% (15)	32.6% (15)
Male	67.4% (31)	67.4% (31)
Patients who smoke	17.4% (8)	19.6% (9)
Patients with previous antibiotics intake	17.4 % (8)	4.3% (2)
Ethnicity
African	10.9% (5)	10.9% (5)
Araba	26.1% (12)	30.4% (14)
Asianb	63% (29)	58.7% (27)

^aArab: The included countries were the United Arab Emirates, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Jordan and Egypt.

^bAsian: Mainly from east Asia; the included countries were India, Philippines and Pakistan.

MBQT: modified bismuth quadruple therapy; SD: Standard deviation.

Table 2 Binary logistic regression model predicting positive urea breath test

	P	aOR	95%CI
			Lower	Upper
Age	0.662	1.020	0.93	1.12
Sex, female	0.367	1.874	0.48	7.33
Therapy (TT)	0.004	11.440	2.18	60.07
Smoking	0.049	5.120	1.01	26.1
Nationality (Asian)a	0.049
Nationality (African)	0.368	0.351	0.036	3.43
Nationality (Arabs)	0.019	0.114	0.019	0.67
History of antibiotics	0.294	3.15	0.37	26.86

^a: Reference.

TT: Triple therapy; aOR: Adjusted odds ratio; CI: Confidence interval.