Clival metastasis of renal clear cell carcinoma: Case report and literature review

Figure 1 Brain magnetic resonance images. A: Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing isointense mass (white arrow) with encasement of the bilateral carotid arteries; B: Sagittal T1-weighted MRI showing sphenoid sinuses involvement (white arrow); C: Axial T2-weighted MRI showing hyperintense central areas suggest cyst degeneration or central necrosis (white arrow).

Figure 2 Brain computed tomography scans. A: Axial computed tomography (CT); B: Sagittal CT showing obvious osteolysis at the cranial base with clivus and bilateral petrous apexes (white arrow); C: Axial CT angiogram showing obvious enhancement (white arrow) after intravenous contrast injection.

Figure 3 Histological findings. A: H and E stain of the clival lesion, 200 ×; B: H and E stain of the left renal mass, 200 × showing clear cells with alveolar growth and separated by reticular separation of thin wall vessels. The two lesions demonstrated similar histopathologic features.

Figure 4 Contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans of abdomen. A: Coronal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) showing slightly inhomogeneous enhancing round-like mass (white arrow) located at the upper pole of the left kidney; B: Axial contrast-enhanced CT showing no tumor thrombus in the left renal vein (white arrow) and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy revealed.