Synchronous manifestation of colorectal cancer and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms

Figure 1 Gene mutations in different intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm tumorigenesis pathways. IPMN: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm.

Figure 2 Mutations in carcinogenesis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and colorectal cancer. A: The proposed model of progression pathways during carcinogenesis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). The light circles, triangles, pentagons, and rectangles denote the diversity of precursors; B: The precursors include pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and incipient IPMN, with a distinct set of driver mutations (KRAS and GNAS). CRC: Colorectal cancer; PDA: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.