Fractional flow reserve and non-hyperemic indices: Essential tools for percutaneous coronary interventions

Figure 1 Invasive measurement of fractional flow reserve. FFR: Fractional flow reserve.

Figure 2  POLARIS display screen showing negative fractional flow reserve value.

Figure 3 Non-Hyperemic pressure ratios calculation over cardiac cycle. RFR: Resting full-cycle ratio; DFR: Diastolic hyperemia-free ratio; dPR: Diastolic pressure ratio.

Figure 4  Left anterior oblique cranial view demonstrating a moderate proximal left anterior descending stenosis.

Figure 5 Quantitative flow ratio of the left anterior descending. QFR: Quantitative flow ratio.

Figure 6  Intravascular ultrasound imaging showing the minimal luminal area of 4. 72 mm², diameters and percentage stenosis of the left anterior descending.

Figure 7  Cranial left and right anterior oblique view demonstrating serial stenoses of the left anterior descending.

Figure 8 Distal left anterior descending diastolic flow ratio and fractional flow reserve. FFR: Fractional flow reserve; DFR: Diastolic hyperemia-free ratio.

Figure 9 Quantitative flow ratio of left anterior descending evaluating each stenosis residual quantitative flow ratio and final result. QFR: Quantitative flow ratio.