Copyright
©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Aug 26, 2021; 9(24): 7205-7211
Published online Aug 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i24.7205
Published online Aug 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i24.7205
Therapy-related myeloid leukemia during erlotinib treatment in a non-small cell lung cancer patient: A case report
So-My Koo, Ki-Up Kim, Yang-Ki Kim, Soo-Taek Uh, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04401, South Korea
Author contributions: Koo SM and Kim KU designed research; Koo SM, Kim KU, Kim YK, and Uh ST performed research, analyzed data, and wrote the paper; all authors have read and approve the final manuscript.
Supported by Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.
Informed consent statement: The author provided informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Dr. Koo has nothing to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ki-Up Kim, MD, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, 59 Daesakwan-Ro, Yongsan-Ku, Seoul 04401, South Korea. kukim@schmc.ac.kr
Received: March 5, 2021
Peer-review started: March 5, 2021
First decision: April 24, 2021
Revised: April 27, 2021
Accepted: July 15, 2021
Article in press: July 15, 2021
Published online: August 26, 2021
Peer-review started: March 5, 2021
First decision: April 24, 2021
Revised: April 27, 2021
Accepted: July 15, 2021
Article in press: July 15, 2021
Published online: August 26, 2021
Core Tip
Core Tip: Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML) developed during erlotinib treatment in a patient with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–mutant advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Alkylating cytotoxic drugs and radiotherapy are common treatments for patients with NSCLC. Cases of t-AML related to alkylating agents typically have a long latency period. Since it was 20 mo in this case, EGFR–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) usage may be related to or hasten AML development in patients who previously received cytotoxic chemotherapy. Although the mechanism remains unclear, when a patient takes an EGFR-TKI, t-AML development should be considered, especially if cytopenia persists.