Copyright
©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Apr 16, 2021; 9(11): 2576-2583
Published online Apr 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2576
Published online Apr 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2576
Immunoglobulin D-λ/λ biclonal multiple myeloma: A case report
Qiao-Ling He, Shuang-Shuang Meng, Jing-Nan Yang, Yan-Min Li, Yu-Xia Li, Xu-Hong Lin, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
Hui-Chao Wang, Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
Author contributions: He QL and Lin XH designed the report; Meng SS and Wang HC collected the patient’s clinical data; Li YM and Li YX took the pictures and prepared the data of serum electrophoresis, serum immunofixation electrophoresis, and flow cytometry; Wang HC and Yang JN took the pictures of bone marrow; He QL and Lin XH wrote the paper; all authors issued final approval for the version to be submitted.
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China , No. 81500430 and No. U1304802 ; Science and Technology Planning Project of Henan Province , No. 192102310045, No. 182102310544, No. 182102310566, and No. 182102310573; and Henan Medical Science and Technology Tackling Project , No. 2018020320 .
Informed consent statement: Consent was obtained from the relatives of the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying results.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts to report.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xu-Hong Lin, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, No. 115 Ximen Street, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China. 10220017@vip.henu.edu.cn
Received: December 8, 2020
Peer-review started: December 8, 2020
First decision: December 30, 2020
Revised: January 11, 2021
Accepted: February 4, 2021
Article in press: February 4, 2021
Published online: April 16, 2021
Peer-review started: December 8, 2020
First decision: December 30, 2020
Revised: January 11, 2021
Accepted: February 4, 2021
Article in press: February 4, 2021
Published online: April 16, 2021
Core Tip
Core Tip: Immunoglobulin D (IgD)-λ/λ myeloma is extremely rare and has a later International Staging System stage at diagnosis. The median survival time is shorter than that of other subtypes, and renal insufficiency is prone to occur at the time of diagnosis. Furthermore, the laboratory examination tends to consider IgD-λ/λ myeloma as other isotypes in that its serum immunofixation electrophoresis shows two bands in the λ region but no responding heavy chain band. Therefore, more complete serum immunofixation electrophoresis should be conducted to reduce the rate of missed diagnoses.