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©The Author(s) 2015. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Mar 16, 2015; 3(3): 231-244
Published online Mar 16, 2015. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i3.231
Published online Mar 16, 2015. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v3.i3.231
Gall bladder carcinoma: Aggressive malignancy with protean loco-regional and distant spread
Amit Nandan Dhar Dwivedi, Shivi Jain, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
Ruhi Dixit, Department of General Surgery Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
Author contributions: Dwivedi AND contributed significantly in preparation collection of data writing and critically revising the manuscript; Jain S and Dixit R contributed in data analysis, collection and writing the manucript.
Conflict-of-interest: The authors declare no conflict-of-interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Amit Nandan Dhar Dwivedi, MD, Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Lanka Road, Varanasi-221005, Uttar Pradesh, India. amitnandan21@yahoo.com
Telephone: +91-542-2369024 Fax: +91-542-2311058
Received: July 11, 2014
Peer-review started: July 12, 2014
First decision: August 14, 2014
Revised: November 21, 2014
Accepted: December 16, 2014
Article in press: December 19, 2014
Published online: March 16, 2015
Processing time: 245 Days and 1.8 Hours
Peer-review started: July 12, 2014
First decision: August 14, 2014
Revised: November 21, 2014
Accepted: December 16, 2014
Article in press: December 19, 2014
Published online: March 16, 2015
Processing time: 245 Days and 1.8 Hours
Core Tip
Core tip: Gallbladder cancer is one of the most prevalent and lethal cancer of biliary tract with multi-factorial etiology. Cholelithiasis is the most common etiological factor. Adenocarcinoma is the most common histological type with loco-regional spread in majority of cases. Sonography is used widely as an initial screening tool and primary characterization of the tumor but it has a limited role in the diagnosis of early lesions. Thus, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are used for complete morphologic characterization and staging of malignant gallbladder lesions and metastatic survey.