Copyright
©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. May 6, 2024; 12(13): 2143-2146
Published online May 6, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i13.2143
Published online May 6, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i13.2143
Treatment-induced neuroendocrine prostate cancer and de novo neuroendocrine prostate cancer: Identification, prognosis and survival, genetic and epigenetic factors
Mohamed Wishahi, Department of Urology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo 12411, Egypt
Author contributions: Wishahi M conceived the design; analyzed published data; wrote, reviewed, and edited the manuscript; and revised and approved the final version.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author confirms that he has no conflict of interest of any kind.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Mohamed Wishahi, MD, PhD, Professor, Surgical Oncologist. Department of Urology, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Cairo 12411, Egypt.
Received: December 18, 2023
Revised: February 10, 2024
Accepted: April 7, 2024
Published online: May 6, 2024
Processing time: 128 Days and 19.2 Hours
Revised: February 10, 2024
Accepted: April 7, 2024
Published online: May 6, 2024
Processing time: 128 Days and 19.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) are aggressive metastatic tumors, and there are two distinct types. De novo NEPC, which is less than 2% of all prostate cancer, is categorized as an entity of the endocrine tumors. The other type is the treatment induced NEPC (t-NEPC) that develops in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) following androgen deprivation therapy, and it is an aggressive metastatic tumor occurs in 10%-17% of patients with CRPC and metastatic cancer, with median survival of 7 months after diagnosis. Genomic, epigenetic, and transcriptional alternation has been reported to be involved in its development. Future expectations for treatment would be tumor-directed immunotherapy.