Copyright
©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Nov 6, 2023; 11(31): 7530-7542
Published online Nov 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i31.7530
Published online Nov 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i31.7530
Antibiotic resistance in patients with liver cirrhosis: Prevalence and current approach to tackle
Valentina Liakina, Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius 01513, Lithuania
Valentina Liakina, Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Vilnius Tech, Vilnius 10223, Lithuania
Author contributions: Liakina V created the study conception and design, performed literature search and analysis, drafting and editing of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The author has nothing to declare.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Valentina Liakina, PhD, Senior Researcher, Clinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 21, Ciurlionio Street, Vilnius 01513, Lithuania. valentina.liakina@santa.lt
Received: August 31, 2023
Peer-review started: August 31, 2023
First decision: September 25, 2023
Revised: October 2, 2023
Accepted: October 17, 2023
Article in press: October 17, 2023
Published online: November 6, 2023
Processing time: 67 Days and 0.1 Hours
Peer-review started: August 31, 2023
First decision: September 25, 2023
Revised: October 2, 2023
Accepted: October 17, 2023
Article in press: October 17, 2023
Published online: November 6, 2023
Processing time: 67 Days and 0.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This review presents current data on bacterial complications in patients with cirrhosis. A comprehensive analysis of the prevalence of antibiotic resistant isolates with a brief presentation of intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms was performed in the most prevalent pathobionts causing infections in cirrhosis. Current approved and developing options to treat bacterial complications to avoid resistance are also discussed.