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World J Clin Cases. Sep 16, 2023; 11(26): 6031-6039
Published online Sep 16, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i26.6031
Diabetes among Muslims during Ramadan: A narrative review
Rohan Kumar Ochani, Asim Shaikh, Simran Batra, Gauri Pikale, Salim Surani
Rohan Kumar Ochani, Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University Hospital, Syracuse, NY 13210, United States
Asim Shaikh, Medicine, Aga Khan University, Sindh, Karachi 74500, Pakistan
Simran Batra, Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Sindh, Karachi 74200, Pakistan
Gauri Pikale, Internal Medicine, Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University, Chicago, IL 60064, United States
Salim Surani, Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas A and M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
Salim Surani, Medicine, Aga Khan University, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
Author contributions: Ochani RK designed research, literature search, study method design, data extraction, drafting, supervision, revision; Shaikh A literature search, study method design, data extraction, drafting, revision; Batra S literature search, data extraction, drafting, revision; Pikale G literature search, data extraction, drafting, revision; Surani S designed research, study method design, data extraction, drafting, supervision, revision; All authors contributed to the interpretation of data, critical revision of the manuscript and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: There is no conflict of interest associated with any of the senior author or other coauthors contributed their efforts in this manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Salim Surani, FCCP, MD, MHSc, Academic Editor, Professor, Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas A and M University, No. 400 Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, United States. srsurani@hotmail.com
Received: May 13, 2023
Peer-review started: May 13, 2023
First decision: July 4, 2023
Revised: July 21, 2023
Accepted: August 9, 2023
Article in press: August 9, 2023
Published online: September 16, 2023
Processing time: 117 Days and 22.2 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: During Ramadan, most Muslims have two meals a day: Suhur (before dawn) and iftar (after dusk). Medical staff should educate Muslim patients on safe fasting to ease difficulties for diabetic patients. Controlling blood sugar levels involves a multi-pronged approach with patient education, monitoring, medications, and insulin. Insulin therapy can be continued during fasting if adjusted to the patients’ needs. New medications like pegylated insulin, dual agonists, and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors offer additional cardiovascular benefits for diabetic patients.