Sun XY, Yang XD, Xu J, Xiu NN, Ju B, Zhao XC. Tuberculosis-induced aplastic crisis and atypical lymphocyte expansion in advanced myelodysplastic syndrome: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11(19): 4713-4722 [PMID: 37469724 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i19.4713]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Xi-Chen Zhao, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, No. 9 Huangpujiang Road, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China. zhaoxichen2003@163.com
Research Domain of This Article
Hematology
Article-Type of This Article
Case Report
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Xiao-Yun Sun, Xiao-Dong Yang, Jia Xu, Nuan-Nuan Xiu, Bo Ju, Xi-Chen Zhao, Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China
Author contributions: Zhao XC and Sun XY developed the idea; Sun XY, Yang XD and Xu J analyzed the data and drafted the manuscript; Sun XY, Yang XD, Xu J, Xiu NN and Ju B participated in the treatment; Zhao XC revised the manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported byThe Specialized Scientific Research Fund Projects of The Medical Group of Qingdao University, No. YLJT20201002.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient to publish this case report and any accompanying laboratory data.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xi-Chen Zhao, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Hematology, The Central Hospital of Qingdao West Coast New Area, No. 9 Huangpujiang Road, Qingdao 266555, Shandong Province, China. zhaoxichen2003@163.com
Received: April 10, 2023 Peer-review started: April 10, 2023 First decision: May 12, 2023 Revised: May 22, 2023 Accepted: May 31, 2023 Article in press: May 31, 2023 Published online: July 6, 2023 Processing time: 80 Days and 23.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: In patients with myelodysplastic syndrome, bone marrow cellularity and myeloblasts usually increase with disease progression. An advanced myelodysplastic syndrome patient experienced an episode of aplastic crisis. During the aplastic crisis, leukemic cells regressed. The bone marrow was infiltrated with atypical lymphocytes that expressed high frequencies of cluster of differentiation (CD)3, CD5, CD8, CD16, CD56 and CD57. Antituberculosis treatment led to reversion of the aplastic crisis, disappearance of the atypical lymphocytes, increased marrow cellularity and 2 mo of hematological remission, suggesting that disseminated tuberculosis was responsible for the development of aplastic crisis, regression of leukemic cells and activation of CD56+ cells.
