Published online Nov 26, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i33.12395
Peer-review started: August 21, 2022
First decision: September 26, 2022
Revised: September 28, 2022
Accepted: October 26, 2022
Article in press: October 26, 2022
Published online: November 26, 2022
Processing time: 93 Days and 21.5 Hours
Core Tip: This case demonstrates the aggressive and recurrence-prone biological behavior of nuclear protein in testis midline carcinoma (NMC). A variety of methods can be used to diagnose NMC, including immunohistochemistry, karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing. The patient achieved some degree of remission after radiation therapy and after initial treatment with anti-angiogenic drugs and sonodynamic therapy (SDT), but cannot achieve long-term stability and eventually developed distant metastases, with an overall survival of only 17 mo. This case is the first attempt to apply heat therapy and SDT in the treatment of NMC. Computed tomography (CT), Magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography/CT imaging are essential for the staging, management, treatment response assessment and monitoring of NMC.