Minireviews
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World J Clin Cases. Jun 16, 2022; 10(17): 5531-5540
Published online Jun 16, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i17.5531
Pulmonary complications of portal hypertension: The overlooked decompensation
Rares Craciun, Tudor Mocan, Bogdan Procopet, Andrada Nemes, Cristian Tefas, Mihaela Sparchez, Lavinia-Patricia Mocan, Zeno Sparchez
Rares Craciun, Tudor Mocan, Bogdan Procopet, Cristian Tefas, Zeno Sparchez, 3rd Medical Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400162, Romania
Rares Craciun, Tudor Mocan, Bogdan Procopet, Cristian Tefas, Zeno Sparchez, Gastroenterology Clinic, "Prof. Dr. O. Fodor" Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca 400162, Romania
Andrada Nemes, Intensiv Care Unit I, Cluj County Emergency Hosptial, Cluj-Napoca 400006, Romania
Mihaela Sparchez, 2nd Paediatric Clinic, ”Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400126, Please enter the state or province, Romania
Lavinia-Patricia Mocan, Department of Histology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400349, Romania
Author contributions: Craciun R, Mocan T, Nemes A, and Tefas C performed the majority of the writing; Mocan LP and Sparchez M prepared the figures; Craciun R and Nemes A performed data acquisition and writing; Sparchez Z and Procopet B provided the input in writing the paper; Craciun R, Sparchez Z, and Procopet B designed the outline and coordinated the writing of the paper.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the contents of the current manuscript.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tudor Mocan, MD, PhD, Doctor, Senior Researcher, 3rd Medical Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 19-21 Croitorilor Street, Cluj-Napoca 400162, Romania. mocan_tudor@yahoo.com
Received: January 16, 2022
Peer-review started: January 16, 2022
First decision: February 7, 2022
Revised: February 22, 2022
Accepted: April 9, 2022
Article in press: April 9, 2022
Published online: June 16, 2022
Processing time: 143 Days and 22.2 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: There is an increasing interest in the systemic involvement associated with chronic liver disease and portal hypertension. There are three main pulmonary complications of chronic liver disease: Hepato-pulmonary syndrome, porto-pulmonary hypertension, and hepatic hydrothorax. Despite being recognized for over a century, these entities are relatively understudied, forming a niche that typically becomes the appanage of tertiary care facilities and liver transplantation centers. This minireview aims to shed light on one hot topic for each entity with direct implications for day-to-day clinical practice.