Published online Nov 26, 2018. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v6.i14.767
Peer-review started: May 31, 2018
First decision: July 17, 2018
Revised: August 2, 2018
Accepted: October 17, 2018
Article in press: October 16, 2018
Published online: November 26, 2018
Processing time: 179 Days and 1.9 Hours
Recently, many digestive surgical procedures are being performed laparoscopically. However, the effect of antithrombotic therapy (ATT) on perioperative bleeding complications during laparoscopic surgery is still largely unclear.
The risk of bleeding complications in ATT is related to the perioperative use of antiplatelet therapy (APT) or anticoagulation therapy (ACT). To safely perform laparoscopic digestive surgery in patients with ATT, optimal perioperative management of antithrombotic drugs should be established.
The main objective of the present study is to elucidate the effect of ATT on bleeding and thromboembolic complications during or after laparoscopic digestive surgery.
Published articles or internationally accepted abstracts between 2000 and 2017 were searched, and studies involving laparoscopic digestive surgery and ATT were included after careful review of each study. Data including study design, type of surgical procedures, type of antithrombotic drugs, and surgical outcome were analyzed.
In total, 15 studies were included. Only one study concerning laparoscopic cholecystectomy showed that patients with heparin bridging for ACT had a higher risk of postoperative bleeding. The remaining 14 studies reported continued APT or that heparin bridging for ACT did not affect the incidence of bleeding complication. The risk of thromboembolic events after laparoscopic digestive surgery in patients receiving ATT was not significantly higher than those with no ATT or interrupted APT.
The risk of hemorrhagic complication during or after these procedures in patients with continued APT or heparin bridging was not significantly higher than in patients with no ATT or interrupted APT.
The definite protocol or guidelines should be established using reliable studies with good design. In the future, a well-designed prospective randomized study or multicenter cohort study is mandatory to elucidate the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic digestive surgery.