Published online Jan 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i1.116
Peer-review started: September 23, 2022
First decision: November 11, 2022
Revised: November 24, 2022
Accepted: December 21, 2022
Article in press: December 21, 2022
Published online: January 6, 2023
Processing time: 103 Days and 23.2 Hours
Although the number of patients who need central venous ports for permanent vascular access is increasing, there is still no “gold standard” for implantation technique.
With this retrospective study, we aimed to analyze the outcomes and adverse events in patients with a central venous port to identify the method that should be favored.
The main objective of our study was to compare the two common procedures for central venous port implantation and decide on the best option by analyzing the adverse events and complications.
In our study, electronic hospital records of 200 central venous port-implanted patients were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were assigned to two groups according to the access method: The jugular vein and the subclavian vein. Groups were evaluated by age, sex, application side, primary diagnosis, active follow-up period in the hospital, chemotherapy agents administered, number of complications, and the Clavien-Dindo severity score.
There was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding age, sex, side, number of drugs used for chemotherapy, or duration of port usage (P > 0.05). When the complication rates and the severity of those complications according to the Clavien-Dindo classification were compared, the subclavian vein group was found to have a higher rate of complications, and those complications were also found to be more severe when compared with the jugular vein group (P < 0.05). Parameters like catheter occlusion, infection, and catheter rupture were all higher in the subclavian vein group. We also recorded pneumothorax, mechanical problems like upturned port, and arrhythmia.
Of 200 consecutive patients who had undergone central venous port implantations through the jugular or subclavian vein were evaluated. There was no statistically significant difference between these two approaches regarding age, sex, side, number of drugs used for chemotherapy, or duration of port usage. The subclavian vein group was found to have a higher rate of complications, and those complications were also found to be more severe when compared with the jugular vein group. Because of these results, we concluded that the jugular vein approach is a feasible and safe option for port implantation and must be preferred to the subclavian vein approach.
We believe that future studies with many patients and longer follow-ups will validate these results, and the jugular vein approach will be considered the standard technique for central venous port implantation.