Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Dec 26, 2022; 10(36): 13216-13226
Published online Dec 26, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i36.13216
Case series in Indonesia: B.1.617.2 (delta) variant of SARS-CoV-2 infection after a second dose of vaccine
Anis Karuniawati, Ari F Syam, Armand Achmadsyah, Fera Ibrahim, Yulia Rosa, Pratiwi Sudarmono, Fadilah Fadilah, Menaldi Rasmin
Anis Karuniawati, Fera Ibrahim, Yulia Rosa, Pratiwi Sudarmono, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, DKI Jaya, Indonesia
Ari F Syam, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta Indonesia, Jakarta PUsat 10430, DKI Jaya, Indonesia
Armand Achmadsyah, Faculty of Medicine, Universits Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat 10430, DKI Jaya, Indonesia
Fadilah Fadilah, Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta Indonesia , Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10430, DKI Jaya, Indonesia
Menaldi Rasmin, Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta Indonesia, Jakarta Pusat 10430, DKI Jaya, Indonesia
Author contributions: Syam AF and Achmadsyah A contributed equally to this work and wrote a draft of the paper; Achmadsyah A, Fadilah F, and Ibrahim F collected the patient’s clinical data; All authors analyzed the data and wrote the paper; Karuniawati A, Syam AF, Ibrahim F, Saharman YR, Sudarmono P, Fadilah F, and Rasmin M made important intellectual contributions and revised the paper; Syam AF and Achmadsyah A edited all drafts of the paper; and All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ari F Syam, FACG, FACP, MD, MSc, PhD, Full Professor, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia/Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta Indonesia, Jl. Salemba 6, Jakarta PUsat 10430, DKI Jaya, Indonesia. ari_syam@hotmail.com
Received: April 26, 2022
Peer-review started: April 26, 2022
First decision: May 30, 2022
Revised: June 9, 2022
Accepted: August 1, 2022
Article in press: August 1, 2022
Published online: December 26, 2022
Processing time: 244 Days and 4.1 Hours
ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS
Research background

The delta variant of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has quickly spread around the globe and infected not only unvaccinated population but fully vaccinated citizens. The demographic statistics and clinical presentation of the first cluster of delta variant infection in this population remained unknown and neglected.

Research motivation

The authors aimed to provide an insight into the demographic statistics and clinical presentation of the first cluster of delta variant infection after a second dose of vaccine. This could help others with lack of laboratory facility to diagnose delta variant infection.

Research objectives

The objective of this case series was to describe the demographic statistics and clinical presentation of the first cluster of delta variant infection after a second dose of vaccine.

Research methods

This is a retrospective, single-center case series of the general consecutive population that worked or studied in Our University with confirmed Delta Variant Infection after a second dose of vaccine from 24 June and 25 June 2021. We decided to collect data based on a combination of author recall, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and whole genome sequencing results. Epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were analyzed.

Research results

Among 15 subjects recruited, Fourteen subjects were vaccinated with CoronaVac (Sinovac) and one subject with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford-AstraZeneca). All of the subjects remained in home isolation, with fever being the most common symptom at the onset of illness (n = 10, 66.67%). The mean duration of symptoms was 7.73 d (± 5.444). The mean time that elapsed from the first positive swab to a negative RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 was 17.93 d (± 6.3464). The median time that elapsed from the second dose of vaccine to the first positive swab was 87 d (interquartile range: 86-128).

Research conclusions

After two doses of vaccine, subjects are still susceptible to the delta variant infection. Currently available vaccines remain the most effective protection.

Research perspectives

The case series might not be representative of the general population. It is necessary to collect more subjects infected with delta variant after second dose of vaccination to improve the quality of this study.