Yang Y, Fu LJ, Chen CM, Hu MW. Venetoclax in combination with chidamide and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory primary plasma cell leukemia without t(11;14): A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9(5): 1175-1183 [PMID: 33644182 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i5.1175]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Mei-Wei Hu, MSc, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 318 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China. humweiwei@sina.cn
Research Domain of This Article
Hematology
Article-Type of This Article
Case Report
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Clin Cases. Feb 16, 2021; 9(5): 1175-1183 Published online Feb 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i5.1175
Venetoclax in combination with chidamide and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory primary plasma cell leukemia without t(11;14): A case report
Yang Yang, Li-Juan Fu, Chun-Mei Chen, Mei-Wei Hu
Yang Yang, Li-Juan Fu, Chun-Mei Chen, Mei-Wei Hu, Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China
Author contributions: Yang Y drafted the manuscript; Hu MW reviewed the literature and revised manuscript; Chen CM reviewed the literature; Fu LJ collected the data; All authors issued final approval for the version to be submitted.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Mei-Wei Hu, MSc, Associate Chief Physician, Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 318 Chaowang Road, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang Province, China. humweiwei@sina.cn
Received: October 30, 2020 Peer-review started: October 30, 2020 First decision: November 20, 2020 Revised: December 4, 2020 Accepted: December 16, 2020 Article in press: December 16, 2020 Published online: February 16, 2021 Processing time: 92 Days and 6.9 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Conventional therapies for primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL) are usually ineffective, with a short remission time with the use of multiple myeloma medications, showing aggressiveness of pPCL. B-cell lymphoma-2 inhibitor venetoclax is usually used for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) with t(11;14). There are very few studies published on the use of venetoclax in pPCL without t(11;14). Similarly, histone deacetylase inhibitors are considered effective for the treatment of RRMM, but there are no reports on their use in pPCL.
CASE SUMMARY
A 57-year-old woman with severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, multiple bone destruction, impaired renal function, and 42.7% of peripheral plasma cells is reported. After multiple chemotherapy regimens and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell treatment, the disease progressed again. The patient had very good partial response and was maintained for a long time on venetoclax in combination with chidamide and dexamethasone therapy.
CONCLUSION
The success of venetoclax-chidamide-dexamethasone combination therapy in achieving a very good partial response suggested that it can be used for refractory/relapsed pPCL patients who have been exhausted with the use of various drug combinations and had poor survival outcomes.
Core Tip: Primary plasma cell leukemia is a rare and high mortality disease. We herein described a case report of relapsed/refractory primary plasma cell leukemia without t(11;14) who achieved a very good partial response from venetoclax therapy in combination with chidamide and dexamethasone.
