Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Dec 26, 2021; 9(36): 11362-11368
Published online Dec 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i36.11362
Mature mediastinal bronchogenic cyst with left pericardial defect: A case report
Xiao Zhu, Lei Zhang, Zhen Tang, Fu-Bao Xing, Xiong Gao, Wen-Bang Chen
Xiao Zhu, Lei Zhang, Zhen Tang, Fu-Bao Xing, Xiong Gao, Wen-Bang Chen, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, China
Author contributions: Zhu X and Zhang L were the patient’s thoracic surgeons and reviewed the literature and contributed to manuscript drafting; Xing FB, Gao X, and Chen WB reviewed the literature; Tang Z was responsible for the revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content; all authors issued final approval for the version to be submitted.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Lei Zhang, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, No. 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu 233004, Anhui Province, China. byyfyzhanglei@bbmc.edu.cn
Received: May 12, 2021
Peer-review started: May 12, 2021
First decision: June 15, 2021
Revised: June 26, 2021
Accepted: July 6, 2021
Article in press: July 6, 2021
Published online: December 26, 2021
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Mediastinal bronchogenic cysts and pericardial defects are both rare. It is extremely rare that both occur simultaneously. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a coexistent bronchogenic cyst and pericardial defect reported in China. We performed a literature review and found a relationship between bronchogenic cysts and pericardial defects, which further revealed the correlation between the bronchus and pericardium during embryonic development.

CASE SUMMARY

A 14-year-old boy attended a local hospital for ankylosing spondylitis. Chest radiography showed an enhanced circular-density shadow near the left mediastinum. The patient had no chest symptoms and the physical examination was normal. Because of the mediastinal occupation, the patient visited our department of chest surgery for further treatment. During surgery, a left pericardial defect was observed. The bronchogenic cyst was removed by thoracoscopic surgery, but the pericardial defect remained untreated, and a satisfactory outcome was achieved after the operation. The patient was diagnosed with a mediastinal tumor. The pathological diagnosis of the tumor was a bronchogenic cyst.

CONCLUSION

This case further reveals the correlation between the bronchus and pericardium during embryonic development.

Keywords: Bronchogenic cyst, Pericardial defect, Mediastinal mass, Embryonic development, Literature review, Case report

Core Tip: Mediastinal bronchogenic cysts coexistent with pericardial defects are extremely rare. Our case revealed the correlation between the bronchus and pericardium during embryonic development. In the early stages of embryonic development, the primitive heart and lungs share a common chamber and are closely linked to each other. A fold is produced in the space between the future pericardium and the pleural cavity, which separates the pleural cavity from the pericardial cavity. If this process is abnormal, bronchogenic cysts or pericardial defects may occur, or both congenital developmental malformations may occur simultaneously.