Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Aug 26, 2021; 9(24): 7110-7116
Published online Aug 26, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i24.7110
Coexistence of cervical extramedullary plasmacytoma and squamous cell carcinoma: A case report
Qing-Yun Zhang, Ting-Chao Li, Jiang Lin, Lian-Li He, Xiao-Yun Liu
Qing-Yun Zhang, Lian-Li He, Xiao-Yun Liu, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
Ting-Chao Li, Pathology Department, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
Jiang Lin, Imaging Department, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
Author contributions: Zhang QY wrote the manuscript; Li TC conducted the HE staining and immunohistochemistry and interpreted the data; Lin J performed the WRI examination and interpreted the data; He LL designed the study and collected the funds; Liu XY searched the literature.
Supported by Science and Technology Project of Zunyi City and The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, No. 187; 2018.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from this patient.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare no conflicts of interests.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Lian-Li He, MD, Professor, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi and Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, No. 98 Fenghuang Road, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China. 1744122878@qq.com
Received: December 21, 2020
Peer-review started: December 21, 2020
First decision: May 5, 2021
Revised: May 25, 2021
Accepted: July 2, 2021
Article in press: July 2, 2021
Published online: August 26, 2021
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP), a variant form of myeloma, is a rare solid plasma cell tumor that originates from the bone marrow hematopoietic tissue and accounts for about 3% of all plasma cell tumors. EMP can affect various tissues and organs, about 90% of which is found in the head and neck. However, EMP in the reproductive organs is rare, and is difficult to be distinguished from other primary or metastatic genital tumors according to clinical symptoms and imaging findings.

CASE SUMMARY

Herein, we report a case with coexistence of EMP and squamous cell carcinoma in the cervix. The first histopathological report of neoplasms on the surface of the cervix and vagina showed an EMP. Both ultrasound and pelvic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated that there was a tumor in the cervix. Thus, another cervical biopsy and pathological examination were performed, which indicated EMP combined with squamous cell carcinoma. Then, the patient underwent extensive total hysterectomy (type C1) + systemic lymph node dissection and received 25 external pelvic irradiations with a dose of 50 Gy following surgery. During 2-year follow-up, no recurrence was reported.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, EMP involving the reproductive system is relatively rare. In this case, MRI, B-ultrasound, and cervical canal scraping were used to further determine the diagnosis of EMP combined with squamous cell carcinoma. The patient had improved prognosis after appropriate treatments.

Keywords: Extramedullary plasmacytoma, Cervical squamous cell carcinoma, Magnetic resonance imaging, Vaginal ultrasound, Pathology, Case report

Core Tip: Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a plasma cell tumor that occurs outside the bone marrow. EMP in the reproductive organs is rare, and is difficult to distinguish from other primary or metastatic genital tumors or is easily missed. Herein, we describe a case with coexistence of EMP and squamous cell carcinoma in the cervix. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), B-ultrasound, and cervical canal scraping were used to further determine the diagnosis of EMP combined with squamous cell carcinoma. The patient had improved prognosis after appropriate treatments. This report suggests that screening with vaginal ultrasound and enhanced MRI can help to avoid misdiagnosis.