Published online Jan 16, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i2.321
Peer-review started: October 18, 2020
First decision: November 20, 2020
Revised: November 20, 2020
Accepted: December 6, 2020
Article in press: December 6, 2020
Published online: January 16, 2021
Processing time: 82 Days and 6.7 Hours
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is argued that environment, microbiome, and immune-mediated factors interact in a genetically susceptible host to trigger IBD. Recently, there has been increased interest in the development, progression, and treatment of IBD because of our understanding of the microbiome. Researchers have proved that some factors can alter the microbiome and the pathogenesis of IBD. As a result, there has been increasing interest in the application of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and gene manipulation in treating IBD because of the possible curative effect of microbiome-modulating interventions. In this review, we summarize the findings from human and animal studies and discuss the effect of the gut microbiome in treating patients with IBD.
Core Tip: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that affects the gastrointestinal tract. Researchers have proved that some factors can alter the microbiome and the pathogenesis of IBD. These include mutations in genes involved in microbiome-immune interactions and microbiota-modulating risk factors such as antibiotic use, cigarette smoking, levels of sanitation, and diet. As a result, there has been increasing interest in the application of probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and gene manipulation in treating IBD because of the possible curative effect of these microbiome-modulating interventions.