Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Apr 6, 2021; 9(10): 2367-2372
Published online Apr 6, 2021. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i10.2367
Nocardia cyriacigeorgica infection in a patient with pulmonary sequestration: A case report
Jian Lin, Xiao-Mai Wu, Min-Fei Peng
Jian Lin, Xiao-Mai Wu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
Min-Fei Peng, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China
Author contributions: Peng MF and Lin J designed this case report; Lin J and Wu XM wrote the manuscript.
Informed consent statement: The patient provided informed written consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Min-Fei Peng, MD, Associate Chief Technician, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, No. 150 Ximen Road, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, China. pengmf@enzemed.com
Received: December 1, 2020
Peer-review started: December 1, 2020
First decision: December 21, 2020
Revised: December 23, 2020
Accepted: January 26, 2021
Article in press: January 26, 2021
Published online: April 6, 2021
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Nocardia cyriacigeorgica (N. cyriacigeorgica) infection is uncommon in clinical practice. Pulmonary sequestration complicated with N. cyriacigeorgica has not been reported in the literature. Here, we present a case of pulmonary se-questration complicated with N. cyriacigeorgica infection in an immunocom-petent woman.

CASE SUMMARY

A 37-year-old woman complaining of a recurrent cough was admitted to our hospital. Pulmonary sequestration in the lower lobe of the left lung was diagnosed by enhanced computed tomography. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was then collected, which showed gram positive bacilli with weakly positive modified acid-fast staining. The pathogen was identified as N. cyriacigeorgica after bacterial culture and mass spectrometry analysis. The patient was diagnosed with pulmonary sequestration complicated with N. cyriacigeorgica infection, and her symptoms quickly improved following anti-infective therapy.

CONCLUSION

Nocardiosis is considered to be an opportunistic infection. This is the first report of pulmonary sequestration complicated with N. cyriacigeorgica infection in a patient with normal immunity.

Keywords: Nocardia, Infection, Pulmonary sequestration, Nocardia cyriacigeorgica, Lung, Case report

Core Tip: Nocardia cyriacigeorgica (N. cyriacigeorgica) infection is uncommon in clinical practice. There are few reports of Nocardia infection in patients with pulmonary sequestration. We report an immunocompetent young woman who was diagnosed with pulmonary sequestration by enhanced computed tomography. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed for further pathogenic examination, which revealed N. cyriacigeorgica infection in the lesion. This is the first case of pulmonary sequestration complicated with N. cyriacigeorgica infection reported in the literature.