Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Feb 6, 2020; 8(3): 535-539
Published online Feb 6, 2020. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i3.535
Ruptured splenic peliosis in a patient with no comorbidity: A case report
Jiyoung Rhu, Jinbeom Cho
Jiyoung Rhu, Jinbeom Cho, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, South Korea
Author contributions: Cho J encouraged Rhu J to investigate the rare case and supervised the findings of this work; Rhu J and Cho J wrote the manuscript; all authors discussed the case and contributed to the final manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Jinbeom Cho, MD, PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 327 Sosa-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14647, South Korea. jinbum21@catholic.ac.kr
Received: December 8, 2019
Peer-review started: December 8, 2019
First decision: December 23, 2019
Revised: January 1, 2020
Accepted: January 8, 2020
Article in press: January 8, 2020
Published online: February 6, 2020
Processing time: 58 Days and 18.7 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Splenic peliosis is a disease characterized by widespread blood-filled cystic cavities within the parenchyma. Patients with this disease are usually asymptomatic; therefore, spontaneous or trauma-related rupture of the hemorrhagic cysts can occasionally cause life-threatening hemorrhagic shock.

CASE SUMMARY

A 51-year-old male patient with abdominal pain visited our emergency medical center two times with an interval of 2 mo. The patient was discharged from the hospital without treatment at his first visit; however, at the time of second admission, the hemoperitoneum with multiple cystic lesions of the spleen was found incidentally on the abdomen computed tomography scan. Since the patient was stable hemodynamically, a scheduled surgery was performed. The operative findings were consistent with splenic peliosis, and laparoscopic splenectomy was performed to prevent recurrent rupture of the hemorrhagic cysts.

CONCLUSION

Splenic peliosis is extremely rare, and we suggest splenectomy is necessarily required as a definite treatment for ruptured splenic peliosis to rescue patients with hemodynamic instability and to prevent recurrent rupture of hemorrhagic cysts in patients with stable hemodynamics.

Keywords: Peliosis; Spleen; Splenectomy; Hemorrhagic cysts; Hemodynamic instability; Case report

Core tip: Peliosis is a rare disease entity characterized by widespread blood-filled cystic cavities within the parenchymal organs. Patients with splenic peliosis are usually asymptomatic; however, incidental or trauma-related rupture of the hemorrhagic cysts may result in fatal outcomes. Splenectomy offers the advantage of a definite histological diagnosis with the complete elimination of the risk of recurrent hemorrhage.