Published online Sep 6, 2019. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i17.2573
Peer-review started: March 15, 2019
First decision: July 30, 2019
Revised: August 1, 2019
Accepted: August 20, 2019
Article in press: August 20, 2019
Published online: September 6, 2019
Processing time: 176 Days and 7 Hours
The portosystemic shunt is the pathway between the portal vein (PV) and systemic circulation. A spontaneous intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (SPISS) is a rare portosystemic shunt type. Here we report an extremely rare type of SPISS, a spontaneous intrahepatic PV-inferior vena cava shunt (SPIVCS).
A 66-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of abdominal distention and a decreased appetite for 1 mo. The patient had a 20-year history of hepatitis B surface antigen positivity and a 5-year history of cirrhosis. She had been treated with Chinese herbal medicine for a long time. Liver function tests showed: alanine aminotransferase, 35 U/L; aspartate aminotransferase, 42 U/L; serum albumin (ALB) 32.2 g/L; and serum ascites ALB gradient, 25.2 g/L. Abdominal ultrasonography and enhanced computed tomography showed that the left branch of the PV was thin and occluded; the right branch of the PV was thick and showed a vermicular dilatation vein cluster in the upper pole of the right kidney that branched out and converged into the inferior vena cava from the bare area of the lower right posterior lobe of the liver. We diagnosed her with an extremely rare SPIVCS caused by portal hypertension and provided symptomatic treatment after admission. One week later, her symptoms disappeared and she was discharged.
SPIVCS is a rare portosystemic shunt with a clear history of cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Clarifying the type PV shunt has important clinical significance.
Core tip: Here we report a spontaneous intrahepatic portal vein (PV)-inferior vena cava shunt. A 66-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with a 20-year history of HBsAg and a 5-year history of cirrhosis. Abdominal ultrasonography and enhanced computed tomography showed that the left branch of the PV was thin and occluded; the right branch of the PV was thick and showed a vermicular dilatation vein cluster in the upper pole of the right kidney that branched out and converged into the inferior vena cava from the bare area of the lower right posterior lobe of the liver.