Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2019. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jul 26, 2019; 7(14): 1865-1875
Published online Jul 26, 2019. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i14.1865
Colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature
Tomoaki Yoshida, Kenya Kamimura, Kazunori Hosaka, Koji Doumori, Hiromitsu Oka, Akito Sato, Yasuo Fukuhara, Shoji Watanabe, Tomomi Sato, Akira Yoshikawa, Takashi Tomidokoro, Shuji Terai
Tomoaki Yoshida, Kenya Kamimura, Kazunori Hosaka, Shuji Terai, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
Tomoaki Yoshida, Kazunori Hosaka, Koji Doumori, Hiromitsu Oka, Akito Sato, Yasuo Fukuhara, Shoji Watanabe, Tomomi Sato, Akira Yoshikawa, Takashi Tomidokoro, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagaoka Chuo General Hospital, Niigata 940-0861, Japan
Author contributions: Yoshida T, Kamimura K and Terai S wrote the manuscript; Hosaka K, Doumori K, Oka H and Fukuhara A collected data for review; Sato A, Watanabe S, Sato T and Tomidokoro T treated patients; all authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no current financial arrangement or affiliation with any organization that may have a direct influence on their work.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Kenya Kamimura, MD, PhD, Lecturer, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Niigata 951-8510, Japan. kenya–k@med.niigata–u.ac.jp
Telephone: +81-25-2272207 Fax: +81-25-2270776
Received: March 6, 2019
Peer-review started: March 11, 2019
First decision: May 13, 2019
Revised: May 13, 2019
Accepted: June 26, 2019
Article in press: June 27, 2019
Published online: July 26, 2019
Processing time: 142 Days and 2.5 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare tumor that demonstrates aggressive growth pattern with ingrowth into the tract, metastasis to the other organs, and invasion to the surrounding organs; these clinical characteristics result in poor prognosis. Surgical resection appears as an effective approach; however, because it is difficult to accurately diagnose NEC during the early stage and owing to its aggressive growth pattern, development of a reliable standard chemotherapy regimen and management strategies are essential.

CASE SUMMARY

Here, we report the case of patient with NEC showing an aggressive growth pattern that resulted in the rupture of the tumor to the outside the colon after stenting of the internal colonic stenosis. In addition, the tumor invaded into the duodenum, thereby causing duodenal stenosis that required an additional stent in the duodenum. This aggressive growth pattern is one of the main features of the NEC that is different from adenocarcinoma. To clarify the clinical characteristics, we reviewed 60 recently reported cases, including data on tumor location, size, treatment, and prognosis.

CONCLUSION

We consider that the information presented here is of great significance for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of symptoms of the patients with NEC.

Keywords: Neuroendocrine carcinoma; Colon; Colorectal mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma; Growth; Case report

Core tip: The aggressive growth pattern of the rare tumor colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) results in the rapid growth into the tract, metastasis to the other organs, and invasion to the surrounding organs. The overall prognosis has been poor compared with invasive colon adenocarcinoma. The aggressive growth pattern of this tumor could result in the colonic stenosis, tumor rupture outside the colon, and invasion to the surrounding organs. Because of its rarity and poor prognosis, clinical information has not been yet summarized; we have summarized the information obtained from 60 cases reported to date. The information summarized in the present study would be of great importance to assist physicians for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of the symptoms of patients with NEC.