Published online Sep 16, 2014. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v2.i9.422
Revised: June 30, 2014
Accepted: July 25, 2014
Published online: September 16, 2014
Processing time: 166 Days and 10 Hours
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a non-inflammatory disease characterized by calcification and ossification of soft tissues, mainly enthesis and spinal ligaments. The clinical presentation primarily includes spinal involvement-induced pain and range of motion. Although rare, life-threatening gastrointestinal, respiratory or neurological events or severe morbidity due to bone compression on the adjacent structures may develop. There is a limited amount of data on DISH-related events in the literature. In recent years, comorbid metabolic disorders are of great interest in patients with DISH. The early diagnosis of these conditions as well as rare entities allows an effective multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of DISH. In this article, we review extraskeletal symptoms and associated comorbidities in patients with DISH.
Core tip: Although diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)-related skeletal symptoms are well-established, limited data on extraskeletal signs and comorbidities are available. In this article, we review extraskeletal symptoms and associated comorbidities in patients with DISH in the light of the literature.