Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jul 26, 2025; 13(21): 103525
Published online Jul 26, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i21.103525
Ovarian vein thrombosis mimicking acute appendicitis: A case report
Sabtain Ali, Ayyub Anjum, Khalid Mahmood Nasir, Abdul Rauf Khalid, Faizan Shahzad, Abdulqadir J Nashwan
Sabtain Ali, Abdul Rauf Khalid, Department of Surgery, Bahria International Hospital Orchard, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Ayyub Anjum, West Surgical Ward, Mayo Hospital, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Khalid Mahmood Nasir, Department of Medicine, Sharif Medical City Hospital, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Faizan Shahzad, Medical Student, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi 54000, Pakistan
Abdulqadir J Nashwan, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar
Author contributions: Nasir KM contributed to data curation and methodology; Khalid AR contributed to manuscript writing, editing, and data collection; Ali S and Anjum A contributed to data analysis, resources, and software; Nashwan AJ contributed to conceptualization and supervision. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Informed consent statement: The patient provided informed written consent to publish this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Abdulqadir J Nashwan, PhD, Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar. anashwan@hamad.qa
Received: November 25, 2024
Revised: March 5, 2025
Accepted: March 27, 2025
Published online: July 26, 2025
Processing time: 156 Days and 19.3 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is a rare condition that most commonly affects postpartum women. It is particularly prevalent in the first 10 days postpartum, a period when women are more prone to developing this condition. The right ovarian vein is often affected due to its tortuous nature and less competent valves. OVT presents similarly to acute abdominal conditions, such as acute appendicitis, especially when the right ovarian vein is involved. Given the overlap in clinical presentation, diagnosis requires high-quality imaging techniques and a high degree of suspicion.

CASE SUMMARY

Herein, we report a rare case of OVT in a young postpartum female who presented to the emergency department with signs and symptoms of acute abdomen. The patient had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment. A provisional diagnosis of a perforated appendix was made, and a lower midline exploratory laparotomy was planned. During surgery, the appendix and intestines appeared normal, but a distended and thrombosed right ovarian vein was found. The affected ovarian vein was excised, and the patient was placed on anticoagulants postoperatively. The recovery was unremarkable, and anticoagulants were continued for six months.

CONCLUSION

OVT is most commonly seen in the early postpartum period, especially within the first 10 days. Due to its anatomical characteristics, the right ovarian vein is more commonly involved. The clinical presentation of OVT can closely mimic acute abdomen or acute appendicitis, making diagnosis challenging. Accurate diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and advanced imaging techniques to differentiate OVT from other conditions with similar presentations.

Keywords: Ovarian vein; Thrombosis; Postpartum; Appendicitis; Laparotomy; Case report

Core Tip: Ovarian vein thrombosis (OVT) is a rare condition most commonly seen in postpartum women, presenting with acute abdominal symptoms that can mimic more common conditions like acute appendicitis, ovarian torsion, or ectopic pregnancy. The right ovarian vein is more frequently affected due to its anatomical characteristics, and symptoms typically include right lower quadrant abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting. Accurate diagnosis requires high suspicion and imaging techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging. In this case, surgical examination revealed a thrombosed right ovarian vein in a 35-year-old postpartum woman who had been initially diagnosed with acute appendicitis. Surgical excision of the vein, followed by anticoagulation therapy with Rivaroxaban, led to an uneventful recovery. OVT should be considered in the differential diagnosis of postpartum abdominal pain to ensure timely intervention and prevent complications. Early detection and appropriate management are key to favorable outcomes.