Published online Feb 16, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i5.1004
Peer-review started: October 27, 2023
First decision: November 28, 2023
Revised: December 27, 2023
Accepted: January 17, 2024
Article in press: January 17, 2024
Published online: February 16, 2024
Processing time: 95 Days and 17.5 Hours
Non-ketotic hyperglycaemic (NKH) seizures are a rare neurological complication of diabetes caused by hyperglycaemia in non-ketotic and non-hyperosmotic states. The clinical characteristics of NKH seizures are atypical and lack unified diagnostic criteria, leading to potential misdiagnoses in the early stages of the disease.
This report presents a rare case of NKH seizures in a 52-year-old male patient with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We performed comprehensive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies at admission, 12 d post-admission, and 20 d post-discharge. The imaging techniques included contrast-enhanced head MRI, T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), diffusion-weighted imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging, magnetic reso
This case study provides valuable insights into the potential pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of NKH seizures. The comprehensive MRI findings highlight the potential utility of various MRI sequences in diagnosing and characterizing NKH seizures.
Core Tip: This study presents a rare case of non-ketotic hyperglycaemic (NKH) seizures in a patient with type 2 diabetes. These seizures are a complication of diabetes, though they lack specific diagnostic criteria and are often misdiagnosed. In particular, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of these manifestation have rarely been described in the literature, and previous reports are inconsistent. In this report, we describe the comprehensive findings in several MRI sequences, including T2-weighted images, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, diffusion-weighted imaging, susceptibility-weighted imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy and venography. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because these findings can help elucidate the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare condition. Further, we believe that this paper will be of interest to the readership of your journal because this case report expands the clinical knowledge on NKH seizures, a rare but severe complication of diabetes.