Observational Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jul 26, 2024; 12(21): 4609-4617
Published online Jul 26, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i21.4609
Factors influencing further vertebral height loss following percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: A 1-year follow-up study
Zhong-Qiu Tang, Shao-Bo He, Dong-Yang Yu, Hai-Mao Luo, Xue-Hong Xing, Yong-Wen Zhou
Zhong-Qiu Tang, Shao-Bo He, Dong-Yang Yu, Hai-Mao Luo, Xue-Hong Xing, Department of Spinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan Province, China
Yong-Wen Zhou, Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan Province, China
Author contributions: Tang ZQ contributed to the study conceptualization, study design, data collection and analysis, manuscript writing, and review; He SB, Yu DY, Luo HM, and Xing XH contributed to data collection, statistical analysis, manuscript writing, and review; Zhou YW contributed to the study conceptualization, study design, supervision of the research, manuscript writing, and review; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported by the 2022 Panzhihua City Science and Technology Guidance Plan Project, No. 2022ZD-S-35.
Institutional review board statement: This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University.
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was not obtained due to the retrospective nature of the analysis.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
Data sharing statement: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE statement, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE statement.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Yong-Wen Zhou, MD, Professor, Department of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Panzhihua University, No. 27 Taoyuan Street, East District, Panzhihua 617000, Sichuan Province, China. andyzhouyongwen@163.com
Received: March 14, 2024
Revised: May 13, 2024
Accepted: June 5, 2024
Published online: July 26, 2024
Processing time: 107 Days and 15.3 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) contribute to back pain and functional limitations in older individuals, with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) emerging as a minimally invasive treatment. However, further height loss post-PVP prompts investigation into contributing factors.

AIM

To investigate the factors associated with further height loss following PVP with cement augmentation in OVCF patients.

METHODS

A total of 200 OVCF patients who underwent successful PVP between January 2021 and December 2022 were included in this study. “Further height loss” during 1 year of follow-up in OVCF patients with bone edema was defined as a vertical height loss of ≥ 4 mm. The study population was divided into two groups for analysis: The “No Further Height Loss group (n = 179)” and the “Further Height Loss group (n = 21).”

RESULTS

In comparing two distinct groups of patients, significant differences existed in bone mineral density (BMD), vertebral compression degree, prevalence of intravertebral cleft (IVF), type of bone cement used, and cement distribution patterns. Results from binary univariate regression analysis revealed that lower BMD, the presence of IVF, cleft distribution of bone cement, and higher vertebral compression degree were all significantly associated with further height loss. Notably, the use of mineralized collagen modified-poly(methyl methacrylate) bone cement was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of further height loss. In multivariate regression analysis, lower BMD and the presence of IVF remained significantly associated with further height loss.

CONCLUSION

Further height loss following PVP in OVCF patients is influenced by a complex interplay of factors, especially lower BMD and the presence of IVF. These findings underscore the importance of assessing and managing these factors when addressing height loss following PVP in OVCF patients.

Keywords: Percutaneous vertebroplasty, Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, Further height loss, Bone mineral density, Intravertebral cleft

Core Tip: This research represents a significant contribution to the field of spinal surgery and osteoporosis management. We believe that the findings from our study provide valuable insights into the factors influencing height loss in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) following percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP). Our study is based on a 1-year follow-up of 200 OVCF patients who underwent successful PVP between January 2021 and December 2022.