Case Control Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2024. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Jun 26, 2024; 12(18): 3321-3331
Published online Jun 26, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i18.3321
Therapeutic efficacy of methylprednisolone sodium succinate via diverse administration routes for mid- to high-frequency sudden sensorineural hearing loss
Xiang-Da Meng, Ting-Ting Li, Li-Min Deng
Xiang-Da Meng, Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161041, Heilongjiang Province, China
Ting-Ting Li, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Harbin Medical University Affiliated Fourth Hospital University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
Li-Min Deng, Department of Facial Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161041, Heilongjiang Province, China
Author contributions: Meng XD and Deng LM initiated the project; Meng XD designed the experiment and conducted clinical data collection; Li TT performed postoperative follow-up and recorded data; Meng XD and Deng LM conducted a number of collation and statistical analysis, and wrote the original manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, and obtained an informed consent form.
Informed consent statement: All study participants or their legal guardian provided informed written consent about personal and medical data collection prior to study enrolment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: Dr. Deng has nothing to disclose.
Data sharing statement: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Li-Min Deng, Department of Facial Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Fulerji District, Qiqihar 161041, Heilongjiang Province, China. 15946509798@163.com
Received: March 3, 2024
Revised: April 24, 2024
Accepted: May 8, 2024
Published online: June 26, 2024
Processing time: 106 Days and 18.4 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), characterized by a rapid and unexplained loss of hearing, particularly at moderate to high frequencies, presents a significant clinical challenge. The therapeutic use of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) via different administration routes, in combination with conventional medications, remains a topic of interest.

AIM

To compare the therapeutic efficacy of MPSS administered via different routes in combination with conventional drugs for the treatment of mid- to high-frequency SSNHL.

METHODS

The medical records of 109 patients with mid- to high-frequency SSNHL were analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups based on the route of administration: Group A [intratympanic (IT) injection of MPSS combined with mecobalamin and Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection], Group B (intravenous injection of MPSS combined with mecobalamin and Ginkgo biloba leaf extract injection), and Group C (single IT injection of MPSS). The intervention effects were compared and analyzed.

RESULTS

The posttreatment auditory thresholds in Group A (21.23 ± 3 .34) were significantly lower than those in Groups B (28.52 ± 3.36) and C (30.23 ± 4.21; P < 0.05). Group A also exhibited a significantly greater speech recognition rate (92.23 ± 5.34) than Groups B and C. The disappearance time of tinnitus, time to hearing recovery, and disappearance time of vertigo in Group A were significantly shorter than those in Groups B and C (P < 0.05). The total effective rate in Group A (97.56%) was significantly greater than that in Groups B and C (77.14% and 78.79%, χ2 = 7.898, P = 0.019). Moreover, the incidence of adverse reactions in Groups A and C was significantly lower than that in Group B (4.88%, 3.03% vs 2.57%, χ2 = 11.443, P = 0.003), and the recurrence rate in Group A was significantly lower than that in Groups B and C (2.44% vs 20.00% vs 21.21%, χ2 = 7.120, P = 0.028).

CONCLUSION

IT injection of MPSS combined with conventional treatment demonstrates superior efficacy and safety compared to systemic administration via intravenous infusion and a single IT injection of MPSS. This approach effectively improves patients' hearing and reduces the risk of disease recurrence.

Keywords: Sudden loss of hearing at middle- and high-frequency of the descending type, Methylprednisolone sodium succinate, Intratympanic injection, Intravenous injection

Core Tip: This retrospective analysis compares the therapeutic effectiveness of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) administered via different routes in combination with conventional drugs for mid to high-frequency sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Intratympanic (IT) injection of MPSS combined with conventional treatment demonstrates superior efficacy and safety compared to systemic administration via intravenous infusion and solely IT injection of MPSS, leading to significant improvements in patients' hearing thresholds, speech recognition rates, and symptom disappearance times, as well as lower adverse reaction and recurrence rates. This approach provides valuable insights for optimizing treatment strategies for mid to high-frequency SSNHL.