Published online Mar 26, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i9.2009
Peer-review started: November 12, 2022
First decision: January 30, 2023
Revised: February 1, 2023
Accepted: March 3, 2023
Article in press: March 3, 2023
Published online: March 26, 2023
Cerebral ischemic stroke is attributed to paradoxical cerebral embolism. Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare potential cause of cerebral ischemic stroke, and cerebral ischemic stroke induced by PAVF in children is rare.
We report a case of right PAVF that presented as a transient ischemic attack (TIA) in a 13-year-old boy. The patient underwent embolization therapy and remained clinically stable for 2 years after treatment.
TIA induced by PAVF in children is rare, lacks typical clinical manifestations, and should not be ignored.
Core Tip: Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is a rare potential cause of cerebral ischemic stroke. Children with PAVF have atypical clinical presentations, and even present with cerebral ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack as the only clinical finding. If a PAVF is suspected, we recommend that appropriate examinations should be performed for early detection, and then active treatment and follow-up should be offered.