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©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of congenital infantile fibrosarcoma and congenital hemangioma: Three case reports
Ru-Na Liang, Jue Jiang, Jie Zhang, Xi Liu, Miao-Yan Ma, Qian-Long Liu, Li Ma, Lei Zhou, Yun Wang, Juan Wang, Qi Zhou, Shan-Shan Yu
Ru-Na Liang, Jue Jiang, Jie Zhang, Miao-Yan Ma, Juan Wang, Qi Zhou, Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
Ru-Na Liang, Department of Ultrasound, Ankang Central Hospital, Ankang 725000, Shaanxi Province, China
Xi Liu, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
Qian-Long Liu, Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
Li Ma, Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
Lei Zhou, Department of Ultrasound, Xi’an Fourth Hospital, Xi’an 710005, Shaanxi Province, China
Yun Wang, Department of Ultrasound, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
Shan-Shan Yu, Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
Author contributions: Liang RN drafted the manuscript; Jiang J submitted the manuscript; Zhang J was responsible for following up the cases; Liu X provided pathological examination; Ma MY collected images; Liu QL provided postnatal hospitalization treatment; Ma L provided pathological diagnosis; Zhou L provided prenatal ultrasound examination of one of the fetuses; Wang Y provided prenatal MRI examination of one of the fetuses; Wang J searched for the references and generated the figures; Zhou Q revised the manuscript; Yu SS designed the manuscript.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82001843.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patients for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Shan-Shan Yu, Doctor, PhD, Professor, Department of Ultrasound, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China. yshanshanshan@163.com
Received: July 4, 2023
Peer-review started: July 4, 2023
First decision: August 30, 2023
Revised: September 15, 2023
Accepted: October 8, 2023
Article in press: October 8, 2023
Published online: October 26, 2023
BACKGROUND
Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (CIF) and congenital hemangioma (CH) have similarities on prenatal ultrasound and are rare.
CASE SUMMARY
We report 3 cases of fetuses with superficial hypervascular tumors, confirmed by postnatal pathology as CIF (1 case) and CH (2 cases, including 1 in a twin fetus). In Case 1, a mass with a rich blood supply in the fetal axilla was discovered by prenatal ultrasound at 28+0 wk of gestation. The postpartum pathological diagnosis was CIF, the mass was surgically removed, and the prognosis of the child was good. In Case 2, at 23+1 wk of gestation, a mass was discovered at the base of the fetus’s thigh on prenatal ultrasound. The postpartum pathological diagnosis was CH. After conservative treatment, the mass shrank significantly. Case 3 occurred in a twin fetus. At 30+0 wk of gestation, prenatal ultrasound revealed a bulging mass with a rich blood supply on the abdominal wall of one of the fetuses. Three weeks later, the affected fetus died, and the unaffected baby was successfully delivered by emergency cesarean section. The affected fetus was pathologically diagnosed with CH.
CONCLUSION
Prenatal ultrasound can provide accurate information, such as the location, size and blood supply of a surface mass in a fetus. We found similarities between CIF and CH in prenatal ultrasound findings. Although it is difficult to distinguish these conditions by prenatal ultrasound alone, for superficial hypervascular tumors that rapidly increase in size in a short period, close ultrasound monitoring of the fetus is required to quickly address possible adverse outcomes.
Core Tip: Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (CIF) and congenital hemangioma (CH) found prenatally are very rare. We report one case of CIF and two cases of CH, one of which involved a twin fetus. The imaging, pathological, treatment and follow-up data in our manuscript are very detailed. These data can provide useful clinical experience for prenatal diagnosis and consultation for such tumors.
