Published online Sep 16, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i26.6213
Peer-review started: May 14, 2023
First decision: July 17, 2023
Revised: July 29, 2023
Accepted: August 15, 2023
Article in press: August 15, 2023
Published online: September 16, 2023
Processing time: 116 Days and 23 Hours
Aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC) is a rare disease that progresses rapidly. The first-line treatment for AVPC is currently unknown. We examined a rare case of AVPC with rare brain and bladder metastases. A summary review of the mechanism of development, clinicopathological manifestations, associated treatments and prognosis of this disease is presented.
The patient was diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCA), and was actively treated with endocrine therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and traditional Chinese medicine. Unfortunately, he was insensitive to treatment, and the disease progressed rapidly. He died five years after being diagnosed with PCA.
We should reach consensus definitions of the AVPC and other androgen receptor-independent subtypes of PCA and develop new biomarkers to identify groups of high-risk variants. It is crucial to complete a puncture biopsy of the tumor or metastatic lesion as soon as possible in patients with advanced PCA who exhibit clinical features such as low Prostate-specific antigen levels, high carcinoembryonic antigen levels, and insensitivity to hormones to determine the patho
Core Tip: This article reviews the literature and summarizes the characteristics and research progress of the rare clinical subtype, aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPC), especially the treatment regimen. AVPC has low prostate-specific antigen levels, is hormone refractory, is aggressive, manifests as rare brain and bladder metastases, and has a very poor clinical prognosis. The first-line regimen for AVPC is currently unclear, with platinum-based chemotherapy regimens as the mainstay of intervention at this stage. Liquid biopsy, gene detection and molecular imaging are currently hot research topics that can provide guidance for the clinical treatment of advanced prostate cancer. This report aims to serve as a reference for clinicians.