Meta-Analysis
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Sep 16, 2023; 11(26): 6122-6131
Published online Sep 16, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i26.6122
Risk factors for stroke recurrence in young patients with first-ever ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis
Yu Xia, Han Liu, Rui Zhu
Yu Xia, Rui Zhu, Department of Neurology, The Third People’s Hospital of Hefei (The Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University), Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
Han Liu, Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (Anhui Public Health Clinical Center), Hefei 230041, Anhui Province, China
Author contributions: Xia Y is responsible for statistical processing and writing of papers; Liu H is responsible for reviewing the paper; Zhu R is responsible for the quality control, review, and supervision of paper data.
Supported by The Key Research Project of The Third People's Hospital of Hefei, No. SYKZ202301.
Conflict-of-interest statement: We declare that that there is no conflict of interest to disclose.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Rui Zhu, MD, Chief Physician, Department of Neurology, The Third People’s Hospital of Hefei (The Third Clinical College of Anhui Medical University), No. 204 Wangjiang East Road, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China. masterzr117@sina.com
Received: May 13, 2023
Peer-review started: May 13, 2023
First decision: August 2, 2023
Revised: August 7, 2023
Accepted: August 11, 2023
Article in press: August 11, 2023
Published online: September 16, 2023
Processing time: 118 Days and 4.4 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

At present, the incidence rate of ischemic stroke in young people is increasing yearly, and the age of onset is increasingly young. Therefore, primary and secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in young people, especially secondary prevention, is particularly crucial.

AIM

We aimed to comprehensively evaluate risk factors for stroke recurrence in first-ever young ischemic stroke (YIS) patients.

METHODS

The meta-analysis was used to quantitatively analyze the research results on risk factors for stroke recurrence in first-ever YIS patients both domestically and internationally. Stata12.0 software was used for heterogeneity testing, publication bias analysis, sensitivity analysis, and the calculation of combined odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS

The odds ratio (OR) values of the relationship between hypertension and hyperlipidemia and recurrence of first-ever YIS were 1.54 (1.05-2.26) and 1.12 (1.00-1.25), respectively. The OR values of male sex, type 2 diabetes, smoking, drinking and YIS recurrence were 1.66 (0.98-2.79), 1.01 (0.64-1.59), 1.21 (0.83-1.76), and 1.28 (0.82-2.53), respectively. The relationship between male sex, type 2 diabetes, smoking, drinking and YIS recurrence was ambiguous.

CONCLUSION

Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors for stroke recurrence in first-ever YIS patients, and active intervention should be taken.

Keywords: Young ischemic stroke; First-ever; Risk factors; Recurrence; Meta-analysis

Core Tip: This article mainly uses the meta-analysis technology to retrieve stroke risk factors. The meta-analysis is used to quantitatively analyze the research results on risk factors for stroke recurrence in first-ever young ischemic stroke (YIS) patients both domestically and internationally. Finally, we find that hypertension and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors for stroke recurrence in first-ever YIS patients, and active intervention should be taken, in order to realize the precise target intervention of young people with ischemic stroke and reduce the disability rate and mortality rate.