Published online Aug 16, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i23.5468
Peer-review started: March 29, 2023
First decision: July 3, 2023
Revised: July 7, 2023
Accepted: July 17, 2023
Article in press: July 17, 2023
Published online: August 16, 2023
Processing time: 139 Days and 15.9 Hours
Many epidemiologic investigations have explored the relationship between viatmins and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the effectiveness of vitamin, vitamin-like nutrient, or mineral supplementation in reducing the risk of PCOS remains a subject of debate.
To investigate the impact of plasma levels of vitamins A, B12, D, E, and K on PCOS and key pathways implicated in its development, namely, insulin resis
Single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with vitamin levels were selected from genome-wide association studies. The primary analysis was performed using the random-effects inverse-variance-weighted approach. Complementary analyses were conducted using the weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-robust adjusted profile score, and MR-PRESSO approaches.
The results provided suggestive evidence of a decreased risk of PCOS with genetically predicted higher levels of vitamin E (odds ratio [OR] = 0.118; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.071–0.226; P < 0.001) and vitamin B12 (OR = 0.753, 95%CI: 0.568–0.998, P = 0.048). An association was observed between vitamin E levels and insulin resistance (OR = 0.977, 95%CI: 0.976–0.978, P < 0.001). Additionally, genetically predicted higher concentrations of vitamins E, D, and A were suggested to be associated with a decreased risk of hyperlipidemia. Increased vitamins K and B12 levels were linked to a lower obesity risk (OR = 0.917, 95%CI: 0.848–0.992, P = 0.031).
The findings of this MR study suggest a causal relationship between increased vitamins A, D, E, K, and B12 levels and a reduced risk of PCOS or primary pathways implicated in its development.
Core Tip: Higher vitamins A, D, E, K, and B12 levels were casually related to a reduced risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or main pathways implicated in its development, as suggested by our Mendelian randomization investigation. More prospective and functional in vivo and in vitro trials are required to clarify the role of vitamin supplements in the onset of PCOS and main pathways implicated in its development.