Retrospective Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Aug 6, 2023; 11(22): 5224-5235
Published online Aug 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i22.5224
Five-year outcomes of immediate implant placement for mandibular molars with and without chronic apical periodontitis: A retrospective study
Hua Yang, Dan Luo, Mu-Jie Yuan, Jian-Jun Yang, Da-Shan Wang
Hua Yang, Dan Luo, Mu-Jie Yuan, Jian-Jun Yang, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
Hua Yang, Dan Luo, Mu-Jie Yuan, Jian-Jun Yang, Da-Shan Wang, School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
Da-Shan Wang, Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China
Author contributions: Yang H and Luo D wrote the main manuscript text; Yang H, Luo D and Yuan MJ prepared figures 1-5 and tables 1-2; Yang JJ and Wang DS contributed equally to this study, they reviewed and revised the manuscript.
Supported by The Qingdao Science and Technology Benefit People Project, No. 21-1-4-rkjk-20-nsh.
Institutional review board statement: This study was conducted in accordance with Declaration of Helsinki guidelines and regulations, and all study methods were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (QYFYKYLL958311920).
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no competing interests.
Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code, and dataset available from the corresponding author at wdsapple@163.com. Participants gave informed consent for data sharing.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Da-Shan Wang, PhD, Professor, Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, Shandong Province, China. wdsapple@163.com
Received: May 29, 2023
Peer-review started: May 29, 2023
First decision: June 15, 2023
Revised: June 26, 2023
Accepted: July 10, 2023
Article in press: July 10, 2023
Published online: August 6, 2023
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Most physicians consider molars with chronic apical periodontitis (CAP) lesions as contraindications for immediate implant placement. At the patient’s request, we perform immediate implant placement of the mandibular molars with CAP in clinical practice.

AIM

To retrospectively analyze and compare the 5-year outcomes of immediate implant placement of the mandibular molars with CAP and those without obvious inflammation.

METHODS

The clinical data of patients with immediate implant placement of the mandibular molars in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, from June 2015 to June 2017 were collected. The patients were divided into CAP (n = 52) and no-CAP (n = 45) groups. Changes in bone mineral density and bone mass around implants were analyzed 5 years after implant restoration.

RESULTS

At 5 years after implantation, the peri-implant bone mineral density was 528.2 ± 78.8 Hounsfield unit (HU) in the CAP group and 562.6 ± 82.9 HU in the no-CAP group (P = 0.126). Marginal bone resorption around implants did not differ significantly between the two groups, including buccal (P = 0.268) or lingual (P = 0.526) resorption in the vertical direction or buccal (P = 0.428) or lingual (P = 0.560) resorption in the horizontal direction. Changes in the peri-implant jump space did not differ significantly between the two groups, including the buccal (P = 0.247) or lingual (P = 0.604) space in the vertical direction or buccal (P = 0.527) or lingual (P = 0.707) space in the horizontal direction. The gray value of cone-beam computed tomography measured using Image J software can reflect the bone mineral density. In the CAP area, the gray values of the bone tissue immediately and 5 years after implant placement differed significantly from those of the surrounding bone tissue (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION

The results of this study suggest that immediate implant placement of the mandibular molars with CAP can achieve satisfactory 5-year clinical results, without significant differences in the complications, survival rate, or bone tissue condition from the no-CAP mandibular molars.

Keywords: Molar, Chronic apical periodontitis, Dental implantation, Bone density, Treatment outcome, Retrospective study

Core Tip: This study was aimed at retrospectively analyzing and comparing the 5-year outcomes of immediate implant placement of the mandibular molars with chronic apical periodontitis and those without obvious inflammation based on changes in bone mineral density and bone mass around implants 5 years after implant restoration.