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World J Clin Cases. Jun 16, 2023; 11(17): 3958-3966
Published online Jun 16, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i17.3958
Investigation of possible relationship between atopic dermatitis and salivary biomarkers, stress, and sleep disorders
Juliany Estefan, Dennis de Carvalho Ferreira, Fernanda Sampaio Cavalcante, Kátia Regina Netto dos Santos, Marcia Ribeiro
Juliany Estefan, Dermatologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941630, Brazil
Dennis de Carvalho Ferreira, Faculdade de Enfermagem, Departamento de Fundamentos de Enfermagem, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551030, Brazil
Fernanda Sampaio Cavalcante, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Instituto de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Macaé, Rio de Janeiro 27930-560, Brazil
Kátia Regina Netto dos Santos, Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941630, Brazil
Marcia Ribeiro, Genética médica, Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira/ Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941630, Brazil
Author contributions: Estefan J and Ferreira DC designed the research study and performed the research; Estefan J, Ferreira DC, Cavalcante FS, Santos KRN, and Ribeiro M analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors declare no conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Juliany Estefan, MD, MSc, Doctor, Dermatologia Pediátrica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, 255, Cidade Universitária da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941630, Brazil. ju_estefan@yahoo.com.br
Received: December 28, 2022
Peer-review started: December 28, 2022
First decision: February 1, 2023
Revised: March 4, 2023
Accepted: May 12, 2023
Article in press: May 12, 2023
Published online: June 16, 2023
Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing, multifactorial inflammatory disease with genetic, environmental, and immunological characteristics. The quality of life and sleep of patients and their families are affected by AD, which triggers stress, described as one of the factors that worsens AD. Salivary biomarkers such as cortisol, alpha-amylase, chromogranin A, and melatonin have been associated with stress and sleep disturbances. Therefore, the evaluation of stress and sleep disorders using salivary biomarkers in AD patients is important. This review aims to describe the possible relationship between atopic dermatitis and stress, sleep disorders, and salivary biomarkers, seeking to contribute to better understanding and clinical management of AD. This descriptive study is characterized as a narrative literature review. A literature search was conducted of studies published in English and Portuguese between January 2012 and October 2022 that are available in electronic media from various databases, such as Scientific Electronic Library Online, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences, and PubMed. AD is associated with different degrees of impact on the lives of individuals who present with the disease. Psychological stress may induce changes in saliva composition and worsen AD; at the same time, the severity of the disease may be associated with emotional impact. Further studies are needed to assess and correlate AD severity, stress, and sleep disturbances with salivary biomarkers in order to better understand this association.

Keywords: Atopic dermatitis, Sleep, Psychological stress, Chromogranin A, Melatonin, Cortisol

Core Tip: The quality of life and sleep of patients and their families are affected by atopic dermatitis (AD), which triggers stress, described as one of the worsening factors. Salivary biomarkers have been associated with stress and sleep disturbances, and psychological stress may induce changes in saliva composition and worsen AD. Therefore, evaluating stress and sleep disorders using salivary biomarkers in AD patients is important. This review aims to describe the possible relationship between AD and stress, sleep disorders, and the presence of salivary biomarkers, seeking to contribute to its better understanding and clinical management.