Published online Jul 26, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i21.7599
Peer-review started: March 12, 2022
First decision: May 11, 2022
Revised: May 19, 2022
Accepted: June 15, 2022
Article in press: June 15, 2022
Published online: July 26, 2022
Processing time: 120 Days and 17.4 Hours
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) occurs in approximately 9% of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphomas. The gastrointestinal tract is the most commonly affected site of the extranodal forms of primary non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. However, it rarely occurs within the rectum, and at present, there is no consensus on its diagnosis and treatment at this site.
We report a rare laterally spreading tumour-like rectal MALT lymphoma case in which the diagnosis and the depth of infiltration were determined by magnifying endoscopy and ultrasonic endoscopy. Then, the lesion was en bloc resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) alone. The lesion was confirmed as MALT lymphoma by haematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemical staining and gene arrangement analysis. Surveillance exams have indicated a 2-year disease-free survival for this patient.
We report a rare primary rectal MALT lymphoma that was curable with resection by ESD. ESD is a safe and effective therapeutic option for rectal MALT lymph
Core Tip: Primary rectal extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) is a rare clinical entity. The clinical symptoms and endoscopic findings are nonspecific. The patient in this case was diagnosed with low-grade rectal MALT lymphoma, which was limited to the mucosa based on magnifying endoscopy, histopathological features, immunohistochemical tests, and gene rearrangement analyses. The lesion was en bloc resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection alone.