Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Apr 6, 2022; 10(10): 3194-3199
Published online Apr 6, 2022. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i10.3194
Ectopic intrauterine device in the bladder causing cystolithiasis: A case report
Hai-Tao Yu, Yong Chen, Yong-Peng Xie, Ting-Bin Gan, Xin Gou
Hai-Tao Yu, Yong Chen, Yong-Peng Xie, Ting-Bin Gan, Xin Gou, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
Author contributions: Gou X designed this study; Yu HT, Chen Y, Xie YP, and Gan TB collected the information; Yu HT wrote the paper; and all authors issued final version of the paper.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xin Gou, Doctor, Chief Doctor, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1 Youyi Road, Yuan Jiagang, Yuzhong District, Chongqing 400010, China. gouxincq@163.com
Received: August 28, 2021
Peer-review started: August 28, 2021
First decision: November 17, 2021
Revised: November 22, 2021
Accepted: February 22, 2022
Article in press: February 22, 2022
Published online: April 6, 2022
Processing time: 213 Days and 6.4 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

An intrauterine device (IUD) is a commonly used contraceptive among women in China. It is widely used because it is safe, effective, simple, economic, and reversible. Among the possible complications, an ectopic IUD in the bladder is rare. It occurs insidiously, has a long course, is associated with a high risk for injury, and is difficult to treat.

CASE SUMMARY

A 44-year-old woman was admitted for repeated episodes of urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria over three months. Laboratory tests revealed significantly elevated urine leukocytes and bacteria. Urine culture suggested colonization with Enterococcus faecalis. Abdominal computed tomography images suggested an abnormally positioned IUD that was protruding into the bladder. Cystoscopy revealed a metallic foreign body with multiple stones on its surface in the left posterior bladder wall. The foreign body measured approximately 1 cm. Hysteroscopy revealed the arm of a V-type metal IUD embedded in the middle and upper sections of the anterior wall of the cervical canal. The majority of the IUD was located in the uterine cavity. Cystoscopy was performed, and a holmium laser was utilized to break the stones attached to the portion of the IUD in the bladder. The IUD was then removed through hysteroscopy.

CONCLUSION

Ectopic IUDs in the bladder can be diagnosed with thorough imaging and safely removed through cystoscopy or hysteroscopy.

Keywords: Migrated intrauterine device; Cystoscopy; Hysteroscopy; Bladder stones; Urinary tract infection; Case report

Core Tip: The intrauterine device (IUD) is a commonly used method of birth control, and its displacement into the bladder is very rare. A patient was diagnosed with an ectopic IUD in the bladder after undergoing clinical and radiologic examinations. When patients of childbearing age present with recurrent hematuria, urinary tract infections, and have a history of IUD insertion, an ectopic IUD should be considered.