Jin ZM, Shi JC, Zheng M, Chen QL, Zhou YY, Cheng F, Cai J, Jiang XG. Increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase and hypertension are associated with severe illness of COVID-19. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10(1): 128-135 [PMID: 35071512 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i1.128]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Xian-Gao Jiang, MD, Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Affiliated Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 252 Bailidong Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China. xiangao368@163.com
Research Domain of This Article
Infectious Diseases
Article-Type of This Article
Retrospective Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Zhen-Mu Jin, Mo Zheng, Department of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Affiliated Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
Ji-Chan Shi, Yue-Ying Zhou, Fang Cheng, Jing Cai, Xian-Gao Jiang, Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Affiliated Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
Que-Lu Chen, Department of Radiology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Affiliated Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
Author contributions: Jiang XG and Jin ZM designed the study; Jin ZM, Shi JC, Zheng M, and Chen QL performed the study and collected the data; Zhou YY, Chen F, and Cai J analyzed the data; Jin ZM drafted the manuscript; and all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported bythe Wenzhou Major Technology Innovation Project, No. ZY202004.
Institutional review board statement: Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Wenzhou Central Hospital (approval number: L2020-01-037).
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Wenzhou Central Hospital due to the retrospective nature of this study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Xian-Gao Jiang, MD, Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, Wenzhou Central Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Affiliated Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 252 Bailidong Road, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China. xiangao368@163.com
Received: June 30, 2021 Peer-review started: June 30, 2021 First decision: July 16, 2021 Revised: July 26, 2021 Accepted: November 17, 2021 Article in press: November 17, 2021 Published online: January 7, 2022 Processing time: 183 Days and 0.3 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is amid an ongoing pandemic. It has been shown that patients with cardiovascular comorbidities are at higher risk of severe illness of COVID-19.
AIM
To find out the relationship between cardiovascular comorbidities and severe illness of COVID-19.
METHODS
The clinical data of 140 COVID-19 patients treated from January 22, 2020 to March 3, 2020 at our hospital were retrospectively collected. The clinical characteristics were compared between patients with mild illness and those with severe illness.
RESULTS
There were 75 male patients and 65 female patients (53.6% vs 46.4%). The mean age was 45.4 ± 14.6 years (range, 2-85 years). Most of the patients had mild illness (n = 114, 81.4%) and 26 patients had severe illness (18.6%). The most common symptom was fever (n = 110, 78.6%), followed by cough (n = 82, 58.6%) and expectoration (n = 51, 36.4%). Eight patients were asymptomatic but were positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA. Patients with severe illness were significantly more likely to be hypertensive than those with mild illness [(10/26, 38.4%) vs (22/114, 19.3%), P = 0.036]. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase were significantly higher in the severe illness group than in the mild illness group (299.35 ± 68.82 vs 202.94 ± 63.87, P < 0.001). No patient died in either the severe illness or the mild illness group.
CONCLUSION
Hypertension and elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase may be associated with severe illness of COVID-19.
Core Tip: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is amid an ongoing pandemic. It has been shown that patients with cardiovascular comorbidities are at higher risk of severe illness of COVID-19. Although most COVID-19 patients have mild symptoms and generally good outcomes, some of them still show severe illness. Patients with hypertension and elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase may be at high risk of severe illness of COVID-19.
