Published online May 18, 2022. doi: 10.5500/wjt.v12.i5.100
Peer-review started: March 31, 2021
First decision: July 29, 2021
Revised: August 11, 2021
Accepted: April 9, 2022
Article in press: April 9, 2022
Published online: May 18, 2022
Processing time: 407 Days and 6.5 Hours
The lack of space, as an indication for a native unilateral nephrectomy for positioning a future kidney graft in the absence of other autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)-related symptoms, remains controversial.
Unilateral native nephrectomy to create space for graft positioning in an otherwise asymptomatic ADPKD patient is quite often routinely performed in isolated kidney transplant candidates before their activation on the waiting list. This strategy is mainly driven by the fear of increased surgical comorbidity and the possible negative impact of prolonged cold ischemia time and short- and long-term graft survival related to the associated nephrectomy during transplantation.
To evaluate the surgical comorbidity and the impact on graft survival of an associated ipsilateral native nephrectomy during isolated kidney transplantation in patients with ADPKD.
One hundred and fifty-four kidney transplantations performed between January 2007 and January 2019 of which 77 without (kidney transplant alone (KTA) group) and 77 with associated ipsilateral nephrectomy (KTIN group), were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics and surgical variables were analyzed and their respective impact on surgical comorbidity and graft survival.
No significant difference in surgical comorbidity (lymphocele, wound infection, incisional hernia, wound hematoma, urinary infection, need for blood transfusion, hospitalization stay, Dindo Clavien classification and readmission rate) was observed between the two study groups. The 1- and 5-year graft survival were 94.8% and 90.3%, and 100% and 93.8%, respectively, in the KTA and KTIN group (P = 0.774). The 1- and 5-year patient survival were 96.1% and 92.9%, and 100% and 100%, respectively, in the KTA and KTIN group (P = 0.168).
Simultaneous ipsilateral native nephrectomy to create space for graft positioning during kidney transplantation in patients with ADPKD does not negatively impact surgical comorbidity and short- and long-term graft survival.
More kidney transplant candidates suffering from ADPKD when activated on the waiting list should be proposed for an associated ipsilateral nephrectomy during the transplantation instead of routinely programmed pretransplant nephrectomy.