Study of coronary sinus anatomy during levophase of coronary angiography

Figure 1 Funnel Shaped Ostium as seen in left anterior oblique cranial view. A: Fluoroscopic image; B: Rendered image with dotted lines outlining coronary sinus morphology.

Figure 2 Superior angulation made by the proximal portion of the coronary sinus with the body of the coronary sinus in left anterior oblique cranial view. A: Fluoroscopic image; B: Rendered image with dotted lines outlining coronary sinus anatomy, black arrows represent angle subtended.

Figure 3 Favourable and unfavourable take off angles of posterolateral vein. A: Example of posterolateral vein (PLV) with favourable angle-fluoroscopic image; B: Corresponding rendered image with dotted lines outlining coronary sinus (CS) morphology, white arrow denoting narrow angle between body of CS and PLV, black notched arrow represents single bend in PLV; C: Example of unfavourable angle PLV-fluoroscopic image; D: Corresponding rendered image with dotted lines outlining CS morphology, white curved arrow denoting wide angle between PLV and CS body.

Figure 4 Demographic profile of study population.