Jiao JY, Zhu XJ, Zhou C, Wang P. Research progress on the immune microenvironment of the gallbladder in patients with cholesterol gallstones. World J Gastrointest Surg 2022; 14(9): 887-895 [PMID: 36185563 DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i9.887]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Peng Wang, MD, PhD, Chief Physician, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20 West Temple Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China. dankongwang@ntu.edu.cn
Research Domain of This Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Gastrointest Surg. Sep 27, 2022; 14(9): 887-895 Published online Sep 27, 2022. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i9.887
Research progress on the immune microenvironment of the gallbladder in patients with cholesterol gallstones
Jing-Yi Jiao, Xiao-Jun Zhu, Chun Zhou, Peng Wang
Jing-Yi Jiao, Peng Wang, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
Jing-Yi Jiao, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
Xiao-Jun Zhu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
Chun Zhou, Department of General Practitioner, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
Author contributions: Jiao JY and Zhu XJ contributed equally to this work; Wang P and Zhou C were responsible for conceiving the study; Jiao JY was responsible for writing the first draft of the article; Zhu XJ was responsible for the revision and supplement of the article.
Supported bythe Wu Jiping Medical Foundation, No. 320.6750.18396; and Nantong “14th Five-Year” Science and Education to Strengthen Health Project, General Surgery Medical Key Discipline.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare having no conflict of interests for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Peng Wang, MD, PhD, Chief Physician, Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20 West Temple Road, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China. dankongwang@ntu.edu.cn
Received: June 4, 2022 Peer-review started: June 4, 2022 First decision: August 1, 2022 Revised: August 19, 2022 Accepted: September 8, 2022 Article in press: September 8, 2022 Published online: September 27, 2022
Abstract
Cholesterol gallstones are very common in hepatobiliary surgery and have been studied to a certain extent by doctors worldwide for decades. However, the mechanism of cholesterol gallstone formation is not fully understood, so there is currently no completely effective drug for the treatment and prevention of cholesterol gallstones. The formation and development of cholesterol gallstones are caused by a variety of genetic and environmental factors, among which genetic susceptibility, intestinal microflora disorders, impaired gallbladder motility, and immune disorders are important in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones. This review focuses on recent advances in these mechanisms. We also discuss some new targets that may be effective in the treatment and prevention of cholesterol gallstones, which may be hot areas in the future.
Core Tip: Cholesterol gallstone disease is very common. At present, some new progress has been made in the research on the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones, and we have also gained a new understanding of this disease. Here, we discuss the latest research progress of genetic susceptibility, intestinal microflora disorders, impaired gallbladder motility, and immune disorders in the formation of cholesterol gallstones and some new drug targets.
