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World J Diabetes. Jan 15, 2023; 14(1): 26-34
Published online Jan 15, 2023. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i1.26
Association of vitamin D and magnesium with insulin sensitivity and their influence on glycemic control
Wan Nor Fazila Hafizan Wan Nik, Hani Ajrina Zulkeflee, Siti Nadirah Ab Rahim, Tuan Salwani Tuan Ismail
Wan Nor Fazila Hafizan Wan Nik, Tuan Salwani Tuan Ismail, Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
Hani Ajrina Zulkeflee, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Bandar Baru Nilai, Nilai 71800, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Siti Nadirah Ab Rahim, Pathology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Perdana Sungai Besi 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Author contributions: Wan Nik WNFH, Zulkeflee HA, Ab Rahim SN, and Tuan Ismail TS contributed equally to this work; Tuan Ismail TS supervised and directed the focus of this review; Wan Nik WNFH, Zulkeflee HA, Ab Rahim SN, and Tuan Ismail TS performed the literature review and wrote the review; Zulkeflee HA designed the graphical figures; Ab Rahim SN refined the format of the review; Wan Nik WNFH performed the major work in structuring and harmonizing the overall review content; all authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Tuan Salwani Tuan Ismail, MBBS, Doctor, Senior Lecturer, Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, No. 11800 Jalan Sasaran, Kota Bharu 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia. tusti@usm.my
Received: September 19, 2022
Peer-review started: September 19, 2022
First decision: October 21, 2022
Revised: November 3, 2022
Accepted: December 21, 2022
Article in press: December 21, 2022
Published online: January 15, 2023
Processing time: 113 Days and 4.3 Hours
Core Tip

Core Tip: The effect of vitamin D and magnesium level on insulin sensitivity and glycemic control is reviewed. Many previous studies have focused on vitamin D and magnesium levels and supplementation. Recently, researchers have found that vitamin D and magnesium play different roles in diabetes; thus, a combination of adequate vitamin D and magnesium is most likely required to enhance insulin secretion and action and promote glycemic control.