Petersen KS, Keogh JB, Meikle PJ, Garg ML, Clifton PM. Clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness in a population with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. World J Diabetes 2017; 8(1): 18-27 [PMID: 28138361 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i1.18]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Peter M Clifton, PhD, Professor of Nutrition, NHMRC Principal Research Fellow, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. peter.clifton@unisa.edu.au
Research Domain of This Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Article-Type of This Article
Observational Study
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Diabetes. Jan 15, 2017; 8(1): 18-27 Published online Jan 15, 2017. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i1.18
Clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness in a population with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study
Kristina S Petersen, Jennifer B Keogh, Peter J Meikle, Manohar L Garg, Peter M Clifton
Kristina S Petersen, Jennifer B Keogh, Peter M Clifton, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
Peter J Meikle, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
Manohar L Garg, Nutraceuticals Research Group, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
Author contributions: Keogh JB and Clifton PM designed the research (project conception, development of overall research plan and study oversight) contributed to statistical analyses and interpretation of the data and critically reviewed the manuscript; Petersen KS contributed to study design, planned and conducted the study, performed the data collection including vascular measurements, performed the initial statistical analyses and prepared the manuscript; Meikle PJ performed the lipid analysis and contributed to the statistical analysis and interpretation of the data and critically reviewed the manuscript; Garg ML performed the carotenoid analysis and contributed to the statistical analysis and interpretation of the data and critically reviewed the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: Ethics approval was obtained from the University of South Australia Human Research Ethics Committee.
Informed consent statement: All participants provided written informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Correspondence to: Peter M Clifton, PhD, Professor of Nutrition, NHMRC Principal Research Fellow, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. peter.clifton@unisa.edu.au
Telephone: +61-8-84629702 Fax: +61-8-83022389
Received: July 7, 2016 Peer-review started: July 12, 2016 First decision: September 12, 2016 Revised: September 30, 2016 Accepted: November 16, 2016 Article in press: November 17, 2016 Published online: January 15, 2017 Processing time: 183 Days and 20.7 Hours
Abstract
AIM
To determine the clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness (CCA IMT) in a cohort of subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
METHODS
Participants with type 1 (n = 23) and type 2 diabetes (n = 127) had mean and mean maximum CCA IMT measured using B mode ultrasound. Dietary intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Clinical and dietary predictors of mean and mean maximum CCA IMT were determined using linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders.
RESULTS
The main predictors of mean and mean maximum CCA IMT were age and weight. After multivariate adjustment there were no dietary predictors of CCA IMT. However, in subjects that were not prescribed a lipid lowering medication alcohol consumption was positively associated with CCA IMT after multivariate adjustment. No difference existed in CCA IMT between subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes once age was adjusted for.
CONCLUSION
CCA IMT was predominantly predicted by age and weight in these subjects with diabetes. The finding that CCA IMT was not different between people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes warrants further investigation in a larger cohort.
Core tip: This paper examines clinical, dietary and biochemical predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness (CCA IMT) in a population of participants with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The only predictors of CCA IMT in this group were age and body weight. After age adjustment CCA IMT was not different in subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
