Mao TH, Huang HQ, Zhang CH. Clinical characteristics and treatment compounds of obesity-related kidney injury. World J Diabetes 2024; 15(6): 1091-1110 [DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1091]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Chuan-Hai Zhang, PhD, Assistant Instructor, Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, United States. chuanhai.zhang@utsouthwestern.edu
Research Domain of This Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Article-Type of This Article
Review
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
World J Diabetes. Jun 15, 2024; 15(6): 1091-1110 Published online Jun 15, 2024. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v15.i6.1091
Clinical characteristics and treatment compounds of obesity-related kidney injury
Tuo-Hua Mao, Han-Qi Huang, Chuan-Hai Zhang
Tuo-Hua Mao, Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
Han-Qi Huang, Department of Endocrinology, Hubei No. 3 People’s Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan 430033, Hubei Province, China
Chuan-Hai Zhang, Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
Co-corresponding authors: Han-Qi Huang and Chuan-Hai Zhang.
Author contributions: Zhang CH and Huang HQ conceptualized and designed the research; Mao TH, Huang HQ, and Zhang CH wrote the paper; Mao TH, Huang HQ, and Zhang CH searched the literature, and revised and submitted the early version of the manuscript; Zhang CH was responsible for figure plotting. Both Zhang CH and Huang HQ have played important and indispensable roles in the research design and manuscript preparation as the co-corresponding authors. Zhang CH and Huang HQ conceptualized, designed, and supervised the whole process of the project. They searched the literature, and revised and submitted the early version of the manuscript with the focus on the association between obesity and kidney injury. This collaboration between Zhang CH and Huang HQ is crucial for the publication of this manuscript.
Supported bythe National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82100866 (to Mao TH).
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Chuan-Hai Zhang, PhD, Assistant Instructor, Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390, United States. chuanhai.zhang@utsouthwestern.edu
Received: December 6, 2023 Revised: December 22, 2023 Accepted: April 8, 2024 Published online: June 15, 2024
Abstract
Disorders in energy homeostasis can lead to various metabolic diseases, particularly obesity. The obesity epidemic has led to an increased incidence of obesity-related nephropathy (ORN), a distinct entity characterized by proteinuria, glomerulomegaly, progressive glomerulosclerosis, and renal function decline. Obesity and its associated renal damage are common in clinical practice, and their incidence is increasing and attracting great attention. There is a great need to identify safe and effective therapeutic modalities, and therapeutics using chemical compounds and natural products are receiving increasing attention. However, the summary is lacking about the specific effects and mechanisms of action of compounds in the treatment of ORN. In this review, we summarize the important clinical features and compound treatment strategies for obesity and obesity-induced kidney injury. We also summarize the pathologic and clinical features of ORN as well as its pathogenesis and potential therapeutics targeting renal inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, fibrosis, kidney lipid accumulation, and dysregulated autophagy. In addition, detailed information on natural and synthetic compounds used for the treatment of obesity-related kidney disease is summarized. The synthesis of detailed information aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the clinical treatment modalities for obesity-related kidney diseases, fostering the anticipation of novel insights in this domain.
Core Tip: There are a few reviews and summaries on obesity-induced renal injuries. We summarize the pathologic and clinical features of obesity-related nephropathy (ORN) as well as its pathogenesis and potential therapeutics targeting renal inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, fibrosis, kidney lipid accumulation, and dysregulated autophagy, with an aim to provide new insights into the clinical treatment of ORN.
