Expression of AID, P53, and Mlh1 proteins in endoscopically resected differentiated-type early gastric cancer

Table 1 Patients and tissue samples n (%)

	Total (n = 102)	Male (n = 75)	Female (n = 27)	Gender difference
Age (yr, mean ± SD)	70.6 ± 7.8	69.4 ± 7.9	74.2 ± 6.6	P = 0.006
Tumor size (cm)
< 2.0	76 (74.5)	54 (72.0)	22 (81.5)	P = 0.332
≥ 2.0	26 (25.5)	21 (28.0)	5 (18.5)
Tumor location
Upper third	23 (22.5)	19 (25.3)	4 (14.8)	P = 0.095
Middle third	40 (39.2)	32 (41.6)	8 (29.6)
Lower third	39 (38.2)	24 (32.0)	15 (55.6)
Gross tumor appearance
Flat/depressed	63 (61.8)	47 (62.7)	16 (59.3)	P = 0.755
Elevated	39 (38.2)	28 (37.3)	11 (40.7)
Histological type
Tubular	88 (86.3)	66 (88.0)	22 (81.5)	P = 0.605
Papillary	14 (13.7)	9 (12.0)	5 (18.5)
Depth of invasion
Mucosa	91 (89.2)	66 (88.0)	25 (92.6)	P = 0.509
Submucosa	11 (10.8)	9 (12.0)	2 (7.4)

Table 2 Frequency of aberrant activation-induced cytidine deaminase, p53 and Mlh1 expression

	Total	Age < 65 yr (n = 22)			Age≥65 yr (n = 80)
		Male	Female		Male	Female
AID
+	35	6	1	P = 0.689	16	12	P = 0.147
-	67	15	0		38	14
P53
+	35	11	0	P = 1.000	20	4	P = 0.086
-	67	10	1		34	22
Mlh1
+	83	18	1	P = 0.278	48	16	P = 0.004
-	19	3	0		6	10	-

AID: Activation-induced cytidine deaminase.

Table 3 Relationships among activation-induced cytidine deaminase, P53 and Mlh1 expression

	AID			Mlh1
	+	-		+	-
P53
+	11	24	P = 0.657	33	2	P = 0.015
-	24	43		50	17

AID: Activation-induced cytidine deaminase.

Table 4 Relationships of activation-induced cytidine deaminase, P53 and Mlh1 expression with tumor features

	AID			P53			Mlh1
	+	-		+	-		+	-
Tumor location
Upper third	4	19	P = 0.067	8	15	P = 0.543	22	1	P = 0.027
Middle third	13	27		16	24		34	6
Lower third	18	21		11	28		27	12
Tumor growth
Flat/depressed	19	45	P = 0.202	28	36	P = 0.009	56	8	P = 0.039
Elevated	16	22		7	31		27	11
Histological type
Tubular	29	59	P = 0.673	34	54	P = 0.045	75	13	P = 0.033
Papillary	6	8		1	13		8	6

AID: Activation-induced cytidine deaminase.

Table 5 Relationships of activation-induced cytidine deaminase, P53 and Mlh1 expression with background mucosa

	AID			P53			Mlh1
	+	-		+	-		+	-
Endoscopic gastric atrophy
Mild	8	17	P = 0.540	9	16	P = 0.376	20	5	P = 0.020
Moderate	19	29		19	29		44	4
Marked	8	21		7	22		19	10
Mononuclear cell activity
Mild	5	17	P = 0.064	4	17	P = 0.232	14	8	P = 0.053
Moderate	24	47		28	44		61	10
Marked	6	3		3	6		8	1

AID: Activation-induced cytidine deaminase.