Adipocytes impact on gastric cancer progression: Prognostic insights and molecular features

Table 1 The training group included clinical and pathological features of gastric cancer patients, n = 428, n (%)

Clinical characteristics	Adipose infiltration			P value
	Low, n = 386	High, n = 42	Overall, n = 428
Age in yr				0.002
> 60	221 (57.30)	13 (31.00)	234 (54.70)
≤ 60	165 (42.70)	29 (69.00)	194 (45.30)
Sex				0.474
Male	265 (68.70)	26 (61.90)	291 (68.00)
Female	121 (31.30)	16 (38.10)	137 (32.00)
Perineural invasion				0.107
No	319 (82.60)	35 (83.30)	354 (82.70)
Yes	67 (17.40)	7 (16.70)	74 (17.30)
Vascular invasion				0.519
No	205 (53.10)	20 (47.60)	225 (52.60)
Yes	181 (46.90)	22 (52.40)	203 (47.40)
M stage				1.000
M0	371 (96.10)	41 (97.60)	412 (96.30)
M1	15 (3.90)	1 (2.40)	16 (3.70)
T stage				0.812
T1	11 (2.80)	0 (0.00)	11 (2.60)
T2	35 (9.10)	3 (7.10)	38 (8.90)
T3	83 (21.50)	8 (19.00)	91 (21.30)
T4	257 (66.60)	31 (73.80)	288 (67.30)
N stage				0.318
N0	71 (18.40)	8 (19.00)	79 (18.50)
N1	171 (44.30)	14 (33.30)	185 (43.20)
N2	114 (29.50)	18 (42.90)	132 (30.80)
N3	30 (7.80)	2 (4.80)	32 (7.50)

Table 2 The validation group included clinical and pathological features of gastric cancer patients, n = 425, n (%)

Clinical characteristics	Adipose infiltration			P value
	Negative, n = 364	Positive, n = 61	Overall, n = 425
Age in yr				0.138
> 60	223 (61.30)	44 (72.10)	267 (62.80)
≤ 60	141 (38.70)	17 (27.9)	158 (37.20)
Sex
Male	257 (70.60)	47 (77.00)	304 (71.50)
Female	107 (29.40)	14 (23.00)	121 (28.50)
Perineural invasion				1.000
No	295 (81.00)	49 (80.30)	344 (80.90)
Yes	69 (19.00)	12 (19.70)	81 (19.10)
Vascular invasion				0.396
No	284 (78.00)	44 (72.10)	328 (77.20)
Yes	80 (22.00)	17 (27.90)	97 (22.80)
M stage				0.012
M0	355 (97.50)	55 (90.20)	410 (96.50)
M1	9 (2.50)	6 (9.80)	15 (3.50)
T stage				0.238
T1	206 (56.60)	43 (70.50)	249 (58.60)
T2	85 (23.40)	10 (16.40)	95 (22.40)
T3	65 (17.90)	8 (13.10)	73 (17.20)
T4	8 (2.20)	0 (0.00)	8 (1.90)
N stage				0.444
N0	251 (69.00)	36 (59.00)	287 (67.50)
N1	35 (9.60)	7 (11.50)	42 (9.90)
N2	39 (10.70)	10 (16.40)	49 (11.50)
N3	39 (10.70)	8 (13.10)	47 (11.10)

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for overall survival in the training set

Parameter	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age in yr		0.006
≤ 60	0.675 (0.533- 0.854)	0.006	0.571 (0.446-0.731)	< 0.001
> 60
Sex		0.030
Male	1.396 (1.077-1.809)	0.034	1.305 (1.003-1.697)	0.096
Female
Adipose infiltration		0.009
High	1.854 (1.290-2.664)	0.005	2.143 (1.472-3.121)	< 0.001
Low
Perineural invasion		0.061
No
Yes	1.424 (1.055-1.922)	0.053
Vascular invasion		0.019
No
Yes	1.389 (1.103-1.749)	0.019	1.057 (0.829-1.349)	0.707
M stage		< 0.001
M0
M1	7.094 (4.528-11.114)	< 0.001	5.424 (3.392-8.675)	< 0.001
T stage		< 0.001
T1
T2	1.092 (0.297-4.008)	0.911	0.757 (0.203-2.817)	0.728
T3	3.025 (0.919-9.955)	0.127	1.783 (0.532-5.970)	0.432
T4	3.902 (1.210-12.583)	0.056	2.220 (0.675-7.302)	0.270
N stage		0.845
N0		< 0.001
N1	1.542 (1.057-2.251)	0.060	1.406 (0.956-2.066)	0.146
N2	3.012 (2.064-4.395)	< 0.001	2.230 (1.540-3.430)	< 0.001
N3	3.895 (2.400-6.321)	< 0.001	2.394 (1.438-3.987)	0.005

CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio.

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for overall survival in the validation set

Parameter	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age in yr		0.003
≤ 60	0.518 (0.354-0.757)	0.004	0.576 (0.392-0.846)	0.018
> 60
Sex		0.219
Male
Female	0.752 (0.509-1.111)	0.230
Adipose infiltration		< 0.001
High
Low	0.256 (0.180-0.364)	< 0.001	0.283 (0.198-0.404)	< 0.001
Perineural invasion		0.401
No
Yes	1.225 (0.823-1.823)	0.401
Vascular invasion		0.045
No
Yes	1.570 (1.097-2.249)	0.039	1.401 (0.963-2.038)	0.139
M stage		0.001
M0
M1	3.780 (2.124-6.728)	< 0.001	2.355 (1.278-4.338)	0.021
T stage		0.859
T1
T2	0.930 (0.614-1.411)	0.775
T3	0.839 (0.522-1.348)	0.542
T4	1.382 (0.522-3.661)	0.585
N stage		0.845
N0
N1	0.829 (0.447-1.536)	0.616
N2	1.172 (0.711-1.933)	0.601
N3	1.478 (0.910-2.402)	0.185

CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio.

Table 5 Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for disease-free survival in the validation set

Parameter	Univariate analysis		Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P value	HR (95%CI)	P value
Age in yr		0.025
≤ 60	0.629 (0.443-0.893)	0.029	0.665 (0.468-0.945)	0.056
> 60
Sex		0.302
Male
Female	0.793 (0.547-1.148)	0.293
Adipose infiltration		< 0.001
High
Low	0.347 (0.243-0.494)	< 0.001	0.362 (0.254-0.517)	< 0.001
Perineural invasion		0.732
No
Yes	0.918 (0.605-1.392)	0.735
Vascular invasion		0.239
No
Yes	1.299 (0.908-1.857)	0.229
M stage		0.003
M0
M1	3.315 (1.868-5.883)	< 0.001	3.057 (1.719-5.436)	0.001
T stage		0.937
T1
T2	0.870 (0.580-1.305)	0.572
T3	0.897 (0.579-1.391)	0.684
T4	0.880 (0.270-2.869)	0.859
N stage		0.325
N0
N1	0.982 (0.562-1.715)	0.957
N2	1.030 (0.626-1.695)	0.922
N3	1.691 (1.081-2.645)	0.053

CI: Confidence interval; HR: Hazard ratio.