Young-onset colorectal cancer: A review

Table 1 Recommendations for colorectal cancer screening across professional organizations[54]

Professional organization	Recommended ages for screening	Recommended screening tests	Other considerations
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2016)	50-75	gFOBT, FIT, FIT-DNA, colonoscopy, CT colonography, sigmoidoscopy
U.S Multi-Society Task Force on Colorectal Cancer (2017)	50-75	FIT, colonoscopy (Tier 1)1	Screening at age 45 yr for African Americans; AGA endorses Canadian guidelines on screening in setting of family history
National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2018)	50-75	gFOBT, FIT, FIT-DNA, colonoscopy, CT colonography, sigmoidoscopy	Focused guidelines address screening for high-risk syndromes
American College of Physicians (2012)	50-75	gFOBT, FIT, FIT-DNA, colonoscopy, CT colonography, sigmoidoscopy, DCBE
Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care (2016)	50-74	gFOBT, FIT, sigmoidoscopy	Weak recommendation for screening in ages 50-59 yr
American Cancer Society (2018)	45-75	gFOBT, FIT, FIT-DNA, colonoscopy, CT colonography, sigmoidoscopy	Qualified recommendation for initiating screening at age 45 yr — uncertainty regarding ratio of benefits to harms

Modified from Murphy[54].

¹Tier 2 tests include computed tomography colonography, fecal immunochemical tests-DNA, flexible sigmoidoscopy.

gFOBT: Guaiac-based fecal occult blood tests; FIT: Fecal immunochemical tests; CT: Computed tomography; AGA: American Gastroenterological Association.